Part 2

Total length of carapace, 180 (estimated); greatest width of carapace, 145 (estimated); height of carapace, more than 50.

Length of plastron, 165 (estimated); width of plastron, 130 (estimated); length of anterior lobe, 45 (estimated); width of anterior lobe, 75 (estimated); length of posterior lobe, 62; width of posterior lobe, 82; length of bridge from axillary to inguinal notch, 60.

PLATES OF THE CARAPACE AND PLASTRON

Nuchal: Width of anterior margin, 12 (estimated); greatest width, 37 (estimated); length at midline, 35 (estimated).

First neural: Greatest width, 13; length at midline, 17. Second neural: Greatest width, 16; length at midline, 14. Third neural: Greatest width, 18; length at midline, 16. Fourth neural: Greatest width, 18; length at midline, 16.

Costals: Thickness at proximal end, 3-5; thickness at distal end, 2. First costal: Length of margin bordering nuchal, 23 (this and the following measurements of the costal and marginal plates are of plates from the right side of the animal except those indicated by an "L"); length of margin bordering neurals, 17; length of margin bordering marginals, 38; length of margin bordering 2d costal, 51. Second costal: Length of margin bordering 1st costal, 53; length of margin bordering neurals, 16; length of margin bordering marginals, 25; length of margin bordering 3d costal, 56. Third costal: Length of margin bordering 2d costal, 55 (L), 56; length of margin bordering neurals, 19; length of margin bordering marginals, 18; length of margin bordering 4th costal, 58. Fourth costal: Length of margin bordering 3d costal, 58; length of margin bordering neurals, 16; length of margin bordering marginals, 22; length of margin bordering 5th costal, 55. Fifth costal: Length of margin bordering 4th costal, 52; length of margin bordering neurals, 16; length of margin bordering marginals, 20; length of margin bordering 6th costal, 41.

First marginal: Length of margin bordering nuchal, 23 (L), 21; length of outer margin, 23 (L), 23; length of inner margin, 12 (L), 12; length of margin bordering 2d marginal, 22 (L), 21. Second marginal: Length of margin bordering 1st marginal, 22 (L); length of outer margin, 22 (L); length of inner margin, 15 (L); length of margin bordering 3d marginal, 16 (L). Seventh marginal: Length of margin bordering 6th marginal, 18 (L), 17 (estimated); length of outer margin, 25 (L), 23 (estimated); length of inner margin, 18 (L), 18; length of margin bordering 8th marginal, 22 (L), 22. Eighth marginal: Length of margin bordering 7th marginal, 22 (L), 23; length of outer margin, 22 (estimate of L), 22; length of inner margin, 18 (L), 18; length of margin bordering 9th marginal, 24 (estimate of L), 23. Ninth marginal: Length of margin bordering 8th marginal, 24 (L); length of outer margin, 20 (L), 19; length of inner margin, 19 (L); length of margin bordering 10th marginal, 23 (L), 23. Eleventh marginal: Length of margin bordering 10th marginal, 22 (L); length of outer margin, 16 (L); length of inner margin, 12 (L); length of margin bordering pygal, 18 (L).

Entoplastron: Width, 24 (estimated).

Hyoplastron: Length of margin bordering epiplastron, 25; length of margin on midline, 37; length from junction of epiplastronal border and outer border to point on posterior border equidistant from midline, 53; width from midline to axillary notch, 39; distance between axillary notch and posterior border, 31.

Hypoplastron: Length of margin bordering midline, 42; length of posterior (xiphiplastronal) margin, 40; distance from junction of xiphiplastronal margin and outer margin to point on anterior border equidistant from midline, 49 (estimated); distance between inguinal notch and anterior border, 29.

Xiphiplastron: Length of anterior (hypoplastronal) margin, 38; length of margin along midline, 43; distance from extreme posterior extension of xiphiplastron to midline, 14.

SCUTES OF CARAPACE AND PLASTRON

First marginal scute: Length of margin bordering 2d marginal, 15 (L), 14; length of anterior margin, 15 (L); length of posterior margin, 14 (L); length of inner margin, 13 (L); length of outer margin, 23 (L). Third marginal scute: Length of anterior margin, 14 (L). Eighth marginal scute: Length of anterior margin, 15 (L), 15; length of posterior margin, 16 (estimate of L), 16; length of inner margin, 20 (L), 20; length of outer margin, 25 (estimate of L), 25. Ninth marginal scute: Length of anterior margin, 17 (L), 16; length of posterior margin, 17 (L), 17; length of inner margin, 18 (L), 20; length of outer margin, 21 (L), 21. Tenth marginal scute: Length of anterior margin, 17 (L), 17. Eleventh marginal scute: Length of posterior margin, 14 (L).

First costal scute: Length of margin bordering vertebrals, 45. Second costal scute: Length of margin bordering vertebrals, 35 (L), 35; length of margin bordering 3d costal scute, 52.

First vertebral scute: Length of anterior margin, 24 (estimated); greatest width, 32 (estimated); length at midline, 35 (estimated). Second vertebral scute: Length of anterior margin, 27; greatest width, 42; length at midline, 29. Third vertebral scute: Length of anterior margin, 33; greatest width, 42; length at midline, 40 (estimated).

Pectoral scute: Length of humero-pectoral sulcus from midline to outer border, 38; length of margin of pectoral scute on midline, 18; distance between junction of humero-pectoral sulcus and outer border and point on pectoro-abdominal sulcus equidistant from midline, 19; distance from axillary notch to point on pectoro-abdominal sulcus equidistant from midline, 17.

Abdominal scute: Length of margin of scute on midline, 43; width of posterior border of abdominal scute from midline to inguinal notch, 41; distance from inguinal notch to a point on pectoro-abdominal sulcus equidistant from midline, 44.

Femoral scute: Length of border of scute on midline, 24; width of anterior border of scute from midline to inguinal notch, 41; width of posterior border of scute from midline to outer border (along sulcus), 40; length of outer margin of scute from inguinal notch to femoro-anal sulcus, 46.

Anal scute: Length of margin at midline, 36; length of femoro-anal sulcus, 40.

Remarks.--Noteworthy is the intermediate nature of C. limnodytes when compared with species of the genera Chrysemys and Pseudemys. However, any resemblance to Pseudemys is not to be considered as evidence that C. limnodytes is in any way ancestral to the genus Pseudemys. The fossil specimens of Pseudemys from the Pliocene are too poorly known to allow the student certainly to place them in their correct systematic positions. The fossil Emydids from Western Europe, listed as species of Chrysemys, differ very much from this species, or belong to other genera of the family.

Only a few turtles are known from the Laverne formation. Hesse (Chaney and Elias, 1936) reported a small Testudo from the Laverne of Beaver County, Oklahoma, but neglected to state whether it was among the material borrowed by him from the University of Kansas Museum of Natural History. The Museum has an incomplete carapace and plastron (No. 3101) of a small Testudo from that locality and formation. In Harper County, Oklahoma, the field party from the University recovered a large number of fragments of a large Testudo. Although this specimen is as yet unprepared, enough fragments have been pieced together to reveal that the tibia is 127 mm. long. This dimension and those of some of the fragments indicate that the animal may have been four to five feet long.

Mrs. Bernita Mansfield of the Geology Department, University of Kansas, prepared the plate.

LITERATURE CITED

BERGOUNIOUX, FREDERIC-MARIE.

1935. Contribution a l'etude paleontoligique des cheloniens: Cheloniens fossiles du Bassin d'Aquitaine. Memoires de la Societe geologique de France, vol. 11, Mem. 25, pp. 1-215, 44 figs., 16 pls.

1937. Relations fauniques entre des chelonien fossiles de l'Espagne et de la France. Comptes Rendus Acad. Sci. Paris, vol. 204, pp. 793-795.

1938. Cheloniens fossiles d'Espagne. Bulletin de la Societe d'histoire Naturelle de Toulouse, vol. 72, pp. 257-288, 7 figs.

CHANEY, R. W., and ELIAS, M. K.