Part 12

Callipers

Are for taking the Diameter of Timber, Masts, Yards, and Bowsprits, before received into Store.

Caulking

Is driving in Ocham, spun Hair, or Hemp, into the Seams of the Planks, to prevent the Ship's Leaking.

Cambring

A Deck lies Cambring, when it lies not level, but higher in the Middle than at either End: Also if the Keel is bent in the Middle upwards, they say, She is Camberkeeled.

Candles

Are used in the several Offices, by the Artificers to work at Night, in Ships Holds, for taking out their Ballast, and are allowed Quarterly to the Officers of the Ships in Ordinary.

Canvas

Used for making Sails, Awnings, Tarpawlings, &c.

Canvas Hoses

Are for starting Water into or out of Casks.

Cap

Is a square Piece of Timber put over the Head, or upper End of the Mast, having a round Hole to receive the Mast; by them the Top-masts and Top-gallant-masts are kept steady and firm in the Tressle-trees, where their Feet stand, as those of the lower Masts do in their Steps.

Capstons

Are of two Kinds in a Ship, the Jeer and the Main. The Jeer Capston is placed between the Main and Fore-mast, and its Use is chiefly to heave upon the Jeer, or to heave upon the Voyal, when the Anchor is weighing. The Main is placed Abaft the Main-mast, its Foot, or lower End standing in a Step on the lower Deck, and its Head is between the two upper Decks. Its several Parts are thus called, the main Substance or Post is the Barrel or Spindle; the Brackets set upon the Body are called Whelps; the thick Piece of Elm at the End of the Barrel, in which the Barrs go, is called the Drum-head. The Pawl is a Piece of Iron bolted at one End to the Beams, or upon Deck, close to the Body of the Capston, to stop it from turning back, and this they call Pawl the Capston; the Use of them are to weigh the Anchors, hoist up or strike down Top-masts, heave any weighty Thing, or to strain any Rope that requireth a main Force. The Terms are, Come up Capston, (i. e.) slack the Voyal which you heave by, in which Sense also they say, Launch or Pawl, that is, stop it from going back.

Capston Pins & Chains

Goes into the Drum-head of the Capston, and through the Barrs to prevent them flying out of the Holes.

Carreen

A Ship is said to be brought on a Carreen, when the most Part of her Lading, &c. being taken out, she is laid along-side of the Hulk, which being lower than her, is hawled down as low as Occasion requires, in order to trim her Bottom, to caulk her Seams, or to mend any Thing that is at fault under Water.

Carlings

Are square Pieces of Timber ranging from Beam to Beam Fore and Aft the Ship, which being supported by Scores in their respective Beams, they thereby contribute to strengthen the Deck.

Carpenter

Is the Officer charged with the Masts, Yards and Stores proper to his Province.

Carvel Work

In Boats, the Boards are fayd to lye fair to one another, so as that the Seams of Longboats and Pinnaces may be caulked without Difficulty.

Catharpings

Are small Ropes running in little Blocks from one Side of the Shrouds to the other, near the Deck; their Use is to force the Shrouds taught, for the Ease and Safety of the Masts when the Ship rowls; they are also used at the upper Part of the Shrouds, but there, worn Rope, from three and an half, to two and an half Inches is used, and do not run through Blocks, but has several turns taken in them, and are made fast.