Part 11

DISSECTIONS.--1. Lip and column, seen sideways; 2. Ditto ditto, seen in front: magnified.

Plate XIX

PLATE XIX.

ODONTOGLOSSUM ALEXANDRÆ.

PRINCESS OF WALES' ODONTOGLOSSUM

(WHITE, OR WEIR'S VARIETY).

Of this charming Odontoglossum, which I had the honour to dedicate to H.R.H. the Princess of Wales, there appear to be innumerable varieties. Of these some--like the one figured at Plate XIV.--have crimson spots, others again are spotted with brown, while a third section--like the one represented in the Plate--have flowers of the purest white, relieved only by the rich golden crest of the lip. An excellent example of the latter variety was sent to me nearly two years ago by Mr. Paterson, of Ashville, Partrickhill, near Glasgow, and from this Mr. Fitch's drawing was obtained. Since then, other specimens of the same kind have been communicated to me, especially by Mr. Wentworth Buller, Mr. Jones, of Whalley Range, near Manchester, Mr. Bull, and Mr. Dawson of Meadow Bank. The last was an admirable specimen bearing as it did on a curved stalk about a dozen perfect flowers, all of which faced the same way, so as to form a sort of natural tiara exactly suited to a lady's head and which--especially when worn on dark hair--could not fail to produce a most beautiful effect.

This variety has also flowered at the Royal Gardens, Kew, a fact that is not a little creditable to Mr. Smith's (the Curator's) energy and skill, he being compelled to grow his Orchids in houses that are very ill adapted to such a purpose. Surely the Government of this wealthy country might afford to devote a few hundred pounds to the construction of houses in which these most popular and marvellous plants might be worthily grown!

As the first specimens of the white variety of O. Alexandræ were collected by Mr. Weir, it is only fitting that his name should be associated with it, just as the name of his rival Mr. Blunt has been connected with the variety distinguished by its crimson spots. Plants of both frequently acquire a reddish tint both in their bulbs and leaves, a tint which, wherever it occurs, is a sure criterion by which O. Alexandræ may be distinguished from other Odontoglossa that closely resemble it in habit.

O. Alexandræ proves to be a slow grower, and to require the coolest compartment of the Peruvian house. If this condition be attended to, it gives no trouble whatever, and produces its exceedingly durable flowers very freely indeed.

Dr. Triana met with it on the trunks of very large trees with dense foliage, ten leagues from Bogotá, and also at Pacho.

DISSECTIONS.--1. Lip and column, seen in front; 2. Ditto, seen sideways: magnified.

Plate XX

PLATE XX.

ODONTOGLOSSUM MACULATUM.

SPOTTED ODONTOGLOSSUM.

O. (XANTHOGLOSSUM) pseudobulbis oblongis compressis monophyllis, foliis oblongis nervosis acutiusculis, racemis subpendulis multifloris brevioribus, bracteis navicularibus herbaceis ovario brevioribus, sepalis lineari-lanceolatis acuminatis discoloribus, petalis oblongis undulatis acuminatis, labello cordato acuminato subcrenato, appendice unguis bivalvi concavâ cochleari apice liberâ bidentatâ per medium argute serrulatâ, columnâ pubescente subapterâ. Lindl.

ODONTOGLOSSUM MACULATUM, Llave, Orch. Mex. 2, 35; Bot. Reg. 1840, t. 30; Pescatorea, t. 28; Lindl. Fol. Orch.

Habitat in MEXICO, Lexarza, Barker, Karwinski.

DESCRIPTION.

PSEUDOBULBS narrow, oblong, much compressed, from 2 to 4 inches long, 1-leaved. LEAVES lanceolate-oblong, nervose, more or less sharp-pointed, shorter than the flower-scapes. BRACTS boat-shaped, acuminate, the lower ones shorter than the upper ones, nearly as long as the ovary. RACEMES nodding, sometimes pendulous, 5- to 12-flowered, about a foot long. FLOWERS variable in size and colour, which is sometimes a brightish at other times only a greenish-yellow, spotted with brown. SEPALS brown inside, linear-lanceolate, acuminate. PETALS rather wide, oblong, waved, acuminate. LIP heart-shaped, acuminate, slightly crenate, with a two-cleft process forming a pair of blunt teeth at the upper end of the claw. COLUMN pubescent, clavate, wingless.

This plant is common in many parts of Mexico, especially on the Irapæan mountains in the neighbourhood of Valladolid, where it was originally discovered and described by Lexarza, that earliest of Orchid-devotees! It was also one of the earliest species of the extensive genus to which it belongs that ever produced flowers in England. The credit of introducing it belongs to the late Mr. Barker, of Birmingham, with whom it bloomed about the year 1839, but it soon disappeared, like nearly the whole of the invaluable collection of Mexican Orchids that I remember having seen in the most splendid condition, shortly after their arrival, in his stoves. Fifteen years afterwards it was reintroduced by M. Linden, from whose establishment the figure in 'Pescatorea' was obtained, but it seems to have again been lost. Last spring (1866) I had the pleasure of seeing the species in the best possible health in Mr. Dawson's rich and admirably-managed collection at Meadow Bank near Glasgow, and from his plant, which flowered in April, Mr. Fitch's drawing was prepared. I also received specimens about the same time from Mr. Turner. Still more recently, Messrs. Hugh Low and Co. have imported it in large quantities and excellent condition, and many good varieties have already appeared, though none that I have yet seen are so fine or so richly coloured as that of Mr. Dawson. One that is now flowering at Knypersley is a dull yellowish-green.

In its native country it flowers in March, which is about the time of its flowering with us. As to treatment it will naturally be found more at home in the Mexican house, where a cool and comparatively dry atmosphere should be maintained, than in the Peruvian house, which should be suited to the species that are accustomed to a damper and--not unfrequently--still cooler climate. I have no doubt that this distinction will be found of much practical utility, for although "cool treatment" as opposed to "warm" marks a very important division still, just as among "warm" plants it is necessary to separate the East Indian Aerides from the Brazilian Cattleyas, so among "cool" plants it will be advisable to separate the Mexican Lælias from the Peruvian Odontoglossa. Nay, I apprehend that what I call the "Peruvian house" will itself have to be subdivided into two portions, one of which, i. e. the warm portion, will contain such plants as the Trichopilias, the Anguloas, and such Odontoglossa as are met with below 6500 feet, while the other or cooler portion will be suited to an innumerable multitude of glorious Orchids that are met with at a still higher elevation. Already cultivators have discovered that O. Phalænopsis and O. nævium cannot be made to thrive in the same house, for though both are "cool" plants the former--coming as it does from a lower level--requires a decidedly warmer climate than the latter, and so it will be in many other cases which are not yet so distinctly understood.

DISSECTIONS.--1. Lip and column, seen sideways; 2. Front view of ditto: magnified.

Plate 21

PLATE XXI.

ODONTOGLOSSUM HALLII.

COLONEL HALL'S ODONTOGLOSSUM.