Part 39

91. Social war begins, continues three years, finished by Sylla.

89. Mithridatic war begins, continues 26 years.

88. Wars of Marius and Sylla, last six years.

73. War of the Slaves under Spartacus, lasts two years, ended by Pompey and Crassus.

54. England invaded by Julius Cæsar.

48. Battle of Pharsalia.

45. Battle of Munda.

43. Battle of Mutina.

42. Battle of Philippi. Death of Brutus.

31. Battle of Actium. Death of the Republic; beginning of the Empire.

A. D. 10. Varus the Roman general, defeated in Germany.

70. Jerusalem destroyed by Titus, August 31.

73. Byzantium taken by the Romans.

196. Byzantium destroyed by Severus.

269. The Goths conquered by Claudius, who massacres 300,000 of them.

340. Battle of Aquileia, Constantine the younger defeated and killed by Constans.

405. Battle of Fesulæ, Stilicho defeats 200,000 Goths.

410. Rome taken and plundered by the Goths.

440. England ravaged by the Picts and Scots.

455. Rome taken and plundered by the Vandals.

547. Rome re-taken by the Goths.

553. Rome re-conquered by the Emperor.

613. Jerusalem pillaged by the Persians, and 90,000 inhabitants killed.

622. Carthage destroyed by the Saracens.

637. Jerusalem taken by the Saracens.

640. Egypt conquered by the Saracens.

787. Danes, their first descent upon England, at Portland.

895. The Danes under Rollo, make their first descent on France.