Part 355

PATURE, Fr. See FORAGE.

PATUREUR, Fr. Forager, one who goes on a foraging party.

PAVALUNGE, Ind. the name of a year.

PAUDSHAU, Ind. King.

PAVESSADES, Fr. large portable hurdles, behind which the archers and bowmen were formerly posted. According to Froissart, these hurdles were used long before the reign of Philip Augustus, king of France. Father Daniel, the Jesuit, in his Histoire de la Milice Francoise, describes them as bearing the figure of a shield; but the chevalier Folard, in his Commentaire sur Polybe, informs us, that they were mantlets which were disposed in parallel or oblique lines, from the camp to the nearest works belonging to the Corps de Place, behind which the soldiers and artificers, &c. could in safety, make a small fosse or ditch that was sufficiently deep to preserve them strait and firm. Hurdles, constructed in this manner, were used during the operations of a regular siege; but when it was found expedient to insult a place, those of less dimension were adopted. Father Daniel describes the Retranchment Portatif, which was used many centuries before the days of Philip Augustus, under the latter head.

PAVILION, in military affairs. See TENT.

PAVILLON, Fr. See TENT.

PAVILLON, Fr. Flag, standard, or colors.

Vaisser le PAVILLON, Fr. to strike, to yield.

Vaisseau PAVILLON, Fr. Flag ship.

PAVILLON, Fr. This word likewise signifies the swell or broad part of a speaking trumpet.

PAULETTE, Fr. a certain tax or pecuniary consideration which all persons who held public situations under the old government of France, were obliged to pay at the commencement of every year, to the king. This enabled them to sell or dispose of their appointments, and to leave the amount to their heirs, if they happened to die in the course of the year. It is so called from Paulet, the name of the person who first suggested the measure.

PAVOIS, Fr. an ancient weapon of defence. It was the Clypeus or broad shield of the Greeks and Romans.

PAUSE, a stop, cessation, or intermission. It is essentially necessary for all officers to accustom themselves to a most minute observance of the several pauses which are prescribed during the firings. Accordingly the pause betwixt each of the firing words, make ready--aim,--fire, is the same as the ordinary time, viz. the 75th part of a minute, and no other pause is to be made betwixt the words.

In firing by companies by wings, each wing carries on its fire independent, without regard to the other wing, whether it fires from the centre to the flanks, or from the flanks to the centre. If there are five companies in the wing, two pauses will be made betwixt the fire of each, and the make ready of the succeeding one. If there are four companies in the wing, three pauses will be made betwixt the fire of each, and the make ready of the succeeding one. This will allow sufficient time for the first company to have again loaded, and shouldered at the time the last company fires, and will establish proper intervals betwixt each.

In firing by grand divisions, three pauses will be made betwixt the fire of each division, and the make ready of the succeeding one.

In firing by wings, one wing will make ready the instant the other is shouldering. The commanding officer of the battalion fires the wings.

In firing companies by files each company fires independent. When the right file presents, the next makes ready, and so on. After the first fire, each man as he loads comes to the recover, and the file again fires without waiting for any other; the rear rank men are to have their eyes on their front rank-men, and be guided by, and present with them.

When troops march to music, a pause in the mind before the latter strikes off, will contribute greatly to that uniformity of step, without which no line can move correctly. In some regiments the music does not play until one step has been taken. See STEP OFF.

PAY, or pay of the army, is the stipend or salary allowed for each individual serving in the army; first established by the British government in the year 1660.

FULL PAY

Of the Officers, Non-commissioned Officers, and Privates in the British army.

-------------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+ | | | | | Life | | Foot | Rank. | Guards. | Cavalry. | Guards. | -------------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+ |£. s. d.|£. s. d.|£. s. d.| Colonel | 1 16 -- | 1 12 10 | 1 19 -- | Colonel en Second | ---- | ---- | -- | 1st. Lieut. Colonel| 1 11 -- | 1 3 -- | 1 8 6 | 2d. Lieut. Colonel | ---- | ---- | -- | 1st. Major | 1 6 -- | -- 19 3 | 1 4 -- | 2d. Major | ---- | -- | -- | Captain | -- 16 -- | -- 14 7 | -- 16 6 | Captain Lieutenant | }0 11 -- | -- 9 -- | -- 7 10 | 1st. Lieutenant | } | | | 2d. Lieutenant | ---- | -- | -- | Cornets | -- 8 6 | -- 8 -- | -- | Ensigns | ---- | -- | -- 5 10 | Pay-Master | ---- | -- 15 -- | -- | Quarter-Master | -- 6 | -- 5 6 | -- 5 8 | Adjutant | -- 11 -- | -- 5 -- | -- | Surgeon | -- 12 -- | -- 12 -- | -- 12 -- | Assistant Surgeon | ---- | -- 5 -- | -- 7 6 | Veterinary do. | ---- | -- 8 -- | ---- | Serjeant-Major | ---- | ---- | ---- | Quarter-Master do. | ---- | ---- | ---- | Serjeant | ---- | -- 2 -- | -- 1 10³⁄₄| Corporal | -- 2 6¹⁄₄| -- 1 7¹⁄₄| -- 1 4³⁄₄| Bombardier | ---- | ---- | ---- | 1st. Gunner | ---- | ---- | ---- | 2d. Gunner | ---- | ---- | ---- | Private | -- 1 11¹⁄₄| -- 1 3 | -- 1 1 | Farrier and Smith | ---- | ---- | ---- | Collar Maker} | | | | Wheeler } | ---- | ---- | ---- | Trumpeter} | | | | Drummer } | -- 2 6 | -- 1 7 | -- 1 2¹⁄₄| -------------------+--------------+--------------+--------------+

-------------------+--------------+----------------------------- | | Artillery. | Infantry +--------------+-------------- Rank. | of the line. | Horse. | Foot. -------------------+--------------+--------------+-------------- |£. s. d.|£. s. d.|£. s. d. Colonel | 1 2 6 | -- | 2 3 6 Colonel en Second | -- | 1 9 8 | 1 3 9 1st. Lieut. Colonel| 0 15 11 | 1 5 8 | -- 19 9 2d. Lieut. Colonel | 0 15 11 | -- | -- 16 10 1st. Major | }0 14 1 | {1 -- 9 | -- 14 10 2d. Major | } | { -- | -- Captain | 0 9 5 | -- 15 4 | -- 9 11 Captain Lieutenant | 0 5 8 | {0 10 -- | -- 7 -- 1st. Lieutenant | | {0 9 -- | -- 6 -- 2d. Lieutenant | -- | -- 8 -- | -- 5 -- Cornets | -- | -- | -- Ensigns | -- 4 8 | -- | -- Pay-Master | -- 15 -- | -- | -- Quarter-Master | -- 5 8 | -- 6 -- | -- 6 -- Adjutant | -- 5 -- | -- 5 -- | -- 5 -- Surgeon | -- 9 5 | -- 11 10 | -- 9 11 Assistant Surgeon | -- 5 -- | -- 6 -- | -- 5 -- Veterinary do. | ---- | ---- | ---- Serjeant-Major | ---- | -- 3 4 | -- 3 2 Quarter-Master do. | ---- | -- 2 10 | ---- Serjeant | -- 1 6³⁄₄| -- 2 4 | -- 2 2 Corporal | -- 1 2¹⁄₄| -- 2 2¹⁄₄| -- 2 ¹⁄₄ Bombardier | ---- | -- 2 ¹⁄₄| -- 1 10¹⁄₄ 1st. Gunner | ---- | ---- | -- 1 7 2d. Gunner | ---- | -- 1 5¹⁄₄| -- 1 3¹⁄₄ Private | -- 1 -- | ---- | ---- Farrier and Smith | ---- | -- 3 4³⁄₄| ---- Collar Maker} | | | Wheeler } | ---- | -- 2 ³⁄₄| ---- Trumpeter} | | | Drummer } | -- 1 1¹⁄₄| -- 2 1³⁄₄| -- 1 3¹⁄₄ -------------------+--------------+--------------+--------------

Full PAY. The pecuniary allowance which is made to officers and non-commissioned officers, without any deduction whatsoever. Since the abolition of arrears in the British service, which took place in 1797, commissioned and warrant officers, &c. receive their full pay, or daily subsistence. The private soldiers are subject to temporary deductions, for the purpose of appropriating part of their pay and allowances to the expence of their messes, including vegetables, &c. and to a stoppage not exceeding 1s. 6d. per week, for necessaries; which stoppage is to be accounted for monthly, as stated in their regulations of 1st September, 1795, and the remainder being 1s. 6d. must be paid, weekly to each soldier, subject to the accustomed deduction for washing, and for articles to clean his clothing and appointments.

The full pay of the British army is given in advance on the 25th of every month, and accounted for to government by the several district and regimental paymasters, through army agents appointed for that purpose. For further particulars, see Military Finance, page 48, &c. Non-commissioned officers and private soldiers serving as marines, are not liable to any deduction whatsoever from their full pay, on account of provisions. It will be further observed, that although the British army is now paid its full pay, in consequence of the abolition of the distinction between subsistence and arrears, that pay is nevertheless subject to the usual deductions on account of poundage, hospital, and agency. This will explain the mutilated appearance of the different rates of pay. Thus a captain of infantry, who is nominally supposed to receive 10s. per diem, gets only 9s. 5d. the 7d. going for the above deductions. The full pay of the subaltern officers has been very judiciously increased, but that of the captains, &c. remains as it was in the reign of Queen Anne. For the several rates of full pay, see Military Finance, page 66, &c.

Half PAY, (Demi solde, Fr.) a compensation or retaining fee which is given to officers who have retired from the service through age, inability, &c. or who have been placed upon that list in consequence of a general reduction of the forces, or a partial drafting, &c. of the particular corps to which they belonged. The half pay becomes due on the 25th of June, and on the 25th of December in each year, but it is seldom issued until three months after the expiration of each of those periods. The only deduction from the half pay is the poundage, two and an half per cent. See Military Finance, page 113.

Irish HALF-PAY. Every officer upon the Irish establishment, when reduced to half pay, must swear to, and sign the following certificate: