Part 90

Bill small, elongate, the cutting edge regular or slightly sinuate; nostril a narrow slit; side of head covered with short close-set feathers; no bristles nor hairs about base of bill; wings long, primaries obliquely cut on inner webs; tail composed of long wide feathers; tarsus feathered in front for its upper half, its remaining surface covered with small scales.

193. PERNIS PTILORHYNCUS (Temminck).

CRESTED HONEY BUZZARD.

Falco ptilorhyncus Temminck, Pl. Col. livr. 8 (1821), 1, 44. Pernis ptilonorhynchus Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1874), 1, 347; Hand-List (1899), 1, 271; Oates, Cat. Birds' Eggs (1902), 2, 293, pl. 14, fig. 4; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 44. Pernis cristatus Blanford, Fauna Brit. Ind. Bds. (1895), 3, 406 (part), fig. 98 (head); Grant, Ibis (1897), 213.

Cebu (Bourns & Worcester); Luzon (Whitehead, Bourns & Worcester); Mindanao (Everett, Celestino, Goodfellow); Mindoro (McGregor); Palawan (Whitehead, Platen); Romblon (McGregor); Samar (Whitehead); Sibuyan (Bourns & Worcester); Sulu (Platen, Bourns & Worcester); Tablas (Celestino). Indian and Malay Peninsulas, Indo-Chinese countries, Ceylon, Greater Sunda Islands.

Adult.--Upper parts brown, many of the feathers white basally; top of head, neck, and sides of neck light brown with heavy black shaft-lines; long crest-feathers black; scale-like feathers of lores and side of head ashy gray; chin, throat, and breast white with black shaft-lines and many feathers with long wide terminal spots of black or dark brown on the throat, forming a median and two lateral stripes; abdomen, thighs, and under tail-coverts light brown, barred with white; under surface of primaries and secondaries light gray, banded with dark brown, the basal bars broken; axillars and wing-lining tawny-brown, the latter mottled with white; tail from above light brown, with five or six wide bars of dark brown; from below the tail is light gray, crossed by dark brown bars. Bill black, its base bluish; iris bright yellow; legs dull yellow; nails black. A male from Mindoro is 570 in length; wing, 390; tail, 285; culmen from base, 33; tarsus, 45; middle toe with claw, 58.

A breeding female, taken in Mindoro, February 19, 1905, is 610 in length; wing, 395; tail, 290; culmen from base, 36; tarsus, 44.

Genus BAZA Hodgson, 1836.

Bill stout, culmen well curved; cutting edge with two teeth, in young birds there is often a single tooth; cere small; nostrils narrow, slightly oblique; crest long and narrow; wing moderate, third or fourth quill longest; tail square; tarsus short, feathered in front for half its length, naked part reticulate. The key is based on the plumage of the young females; the adult of leucopais is unknown.

Species.

a1. Breast banded with pale rufous; a black streak down center of throat. ... magnirostris (p. 236) a2. Breast not banded; no black streak on throat; entire under parts pure white. ... leucopais (p. 237)

194. BAZA MAGNIROSTRIS Gray.

LARGE-BILLED BAZA.

Baza magnirostris Gray, Cat. Acciptr. Brit. Mus. (1844), 19; Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1874), 1, 356, pl. 10, fig. 1; Hand-List (1899), 1, 271; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 44.

Luzon (Cuming); Mindanao (Platen, Goodfellow).

"Nearly adult female.--Crown and long occipital crest black; feathers over eye, as well as the sides and back of the neck tawny rufous, the latter spotted with black; sides of face grayish washed with rufous; upper surface of body brown, with a gloss of purplish brown, some of the feathers also shaded with greenish in certain lights; quills brown, tipped with whitish, barred with purplish brown, the secondaries very much paler brown, against which the bands of darker brown contrast strongly, especially the subterminal one, which has a distinct purplish gloss; under surface of quills grayish white, with dark brown bands, pure white near the base; tail brown, tipped with whity brown, and crossed by three bands of dark purplish brown, the subterminal one being very broad, and glossed with greenish; under surface of tail grayish white, like that of the wings, the subterminal band distinctly marked, the basal ones very faintly, excepting on the outermost feathers, which have a patch of dark brown on the outer web, extending on to the inner one also; under surface of body whitish, broadly streaked on sides of throat and chest, banded on breast, and spotted on under tail-coverts with pale rufous, darker and more inclining to rufous-brown on flanks, sides of body, and axillars; down the center of the throat extending to the fore neck, a broad black streak; under wing-coverts buffy white, spotted with pale rufous, the lower ones barred with this color. Bill horn-black, browner on lower mandible; feet yellow. Length, 444; culmen, 38; wing, 312; tail, 206; tarsus, 38.

"Adult male (type).--Another specimen in the national collection (British Museum) differs from the foregoing in not having so stout a bill, in the sides of the face being more conspicuously gray, this shade also extending over the throat and breast, the former of which is narrowly streaked with grayish down the center; the crown of the head is blackish, feathers of the forehead being edged with rufous; the sides and hind part of the neck similarly marked, producing a striped appearance; occipital crest black, with a narrow white tip to one or two of the feathers; the bands on the breast very broad and pale rufous. Length, 389; culmen, 34; wing, 292; tail, 190; tarsus, 38. This would apparently be the adult male, and the other perhaps a female not quite adult." (Sharpe.)

195. BAZA LEUCOPAIS Sharpe.

WHITEHEAD'S BAZA.

Baza leucopias Sharpe, Ibis (1888), 195 (error). Baza leucopais Whitehead, Ibis (1890), 43, pl. 2; Sharpe, Hand-List (1899), 1, 271; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 44.

Palawan (Whitehead); Romblon (Bourns & Worcester); Samar (Bourns & Worcester).

"Young female.--General color above brown, with whitish brown margins to the feathers; lesser wing-coverts brown, the inner ones rufous, with brown centers; median and greater coverts pale rufous, white externally toward the ends and round the tips; alula dark brown, externally rufous; primary-coverts uniform dark brown; quills dark brown fringed with white round the ends, and crossed with blackish brown bars, four in number, one subterminal; secondaries paler brown, externally rufous; upper tail-coverts tawny-rufous, edged with white and with dark brown centers; tail-feathers dark brown, narrowly fringed with white at the ends, and crossed with blackish bands, the subterminal one very broad, but not nearly so wide as the preceding interspace; a crest of white feathers, the long ones freckled with brown; head, nape, and hind neck, lores, sides of face, ear-coverts, cheeks, sides of neck, and entire under surface of body pure white, slightly washed with rufous on the head and hind neck; the breast, abdomen, and under tail-coverts washed with creamy buff; the sides of the body and flanks with slight indications of spots of pale tawny buff; under wing-coverts and axillars like the breast; quills below ashy gray, with blackish bars on the primaries. Length, 394; culmen, 29; wing, 274; tail, 178; tarsus, 35.

"The typical [=type] specimen, though manifestly immature, differs thoroughly from the young of B. sumatrensis, and I feel sure that the adult bird, when discovered, will be markedly distinct." (Sharpe.)

"Rare and shy. Iris, legs, and feet yellow; nails black; bill black, slaty at base; bare flesh of head greenish yellow. One specimen had been eating crabs when shot.

"A male measures 457 in length; wing, 312; tail, 199; culmen, 27; tarsus, 76; middle toe with claw, 40. A female, 457 in length; wing, 305; tail, 208; culmen, 26; tarsus, 64; middle toe with claw, 43." (Bourns and Worcester MS.)

The adult of this rare species appears to be undescribed.

Genus MICROHIERAX Sharpe, 1874.

Bill strong; edge of mandible with a double notch forming a sharp tooth; cere small; no crest; first primary nearly equal to second and third which are the longest; secondaries short; tarsus and feet strong; plumage black and white; length less than 200 mm.