"It is about the size of L. siquijorensis; in coloring it comes near the female of L. apicalis, but has the red of the crown not reaching the occiput; the tail above shows much blue towards the tip of the lateral feathers. I add the description of the specimen, which is not in very good condition: Green; forehead and vertex red; nape with a slight tinge of orange; cheeks and throat blue; rump and upper tail-coverts red; tail green above, the lateral feathers blue towards the tip; tail underneath deep blue; bill orange. Length, 165; wing, 98; tail, 44." (Salvadori.)
The description of the male, as given by Dr. Finsch, is as follows:
"Altes Männchen. Oberseite des Kopfes, Hals und alle unteren Theile (einschliesslich der unteren Schwanzdecken) rostgelblichweiss; Wangen und Ohrgegend, von letzterer in einem breiteren Bande um die nackte Kehle sich herumziehend, braunschwarz; alle oberen Theile (einschliesslich der oberen Schwanz- und unteren Flugeldecken) dunkelbraun, mit schwach grünlichem Metallschimmer, der auf den dunkleren Schwingen deutlicher hervortritt (keine hellen Schwingensäume); Schwanzfedern schwarzbraun mit grünlichem Metallschimmer, die zwei mittelsten Federn (etwas unterhalb der Mitte) mit einer (25 mm.) breiten rostfarbenen Querbinde, die auf der folgenden nur halb so breit ist, auf der nächstfolgenden nur an der Innenfahne kleine hellrostfarbene Querflecke, die keine eigentliche Binde bilden; die zwei äussersten Schwanzfedern jederseits einfarbig braunschwarz; Schnabel schwarz, etwas rothbraun durchscheinend, der Aufsatz in ein röthliches Hornbraun übergehend, das gegen die Basis zu viel heller und etwas durchscheinend ist; auf der Basishälfte des Oberschnabels machen sich vier schwach vertiefte Furchen bemerkbar, die von der Mitte bis zum Schneidenrande herablaufen und sich als senkrechte gelbliche Streifen abheben; Unterschnabel mit drei schief nach vorn laufenden Längsrillen, von denen die basale röthlichbraun gefärbt ist; der nackte Augenkreis schmutzig fleischröthlich; die nackte Basis des Unterschnabels, wie die Nacktheit an Kinn und Kehle, schmutzig gelblich; Fusse hornschwarz.
"(Im Leben: 'Iris braunroth, Schnabel braunroth mit gelben Streifen an der Wurzel, Füsse dunkelgrau beinahe schwarz'; Eingeborenen-Name 'Talisi': van der Valk)."
Cf. Oberholser, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington (1906), 19, 68.
The name Salangana Saint-Hilaire, 1837, proposed by Richmond to replace Collocalia, proves to have been used in a vernacular sense and therefore is not available. Cf. Oberholser, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia (1906), 58, 178.
The late Mr. H. M. Ickis, geologist, Bureau of Science, found this species breeding in the Island of Polillo and collected nests and eggs as well as specimens of the bird.
Some authors prefer Apus Scopoli, 1777, for this genus; Dr. Sharpe uses Cypselus Illiger, 1811. Cf. Hartert, Das Tierreich (1897), 1, 83; Sharpe, Hand-List, (1900), 2, (introduction); Allen, Auk (1901), 18, 121.
The young in several genera are more or less barred and can not be determined by this key; the females in the genus Eudynamys have the entire plumage barred and spotted.
The key is modified from that given by Grant, Ibis (1896), 471.
In Sharpe's Hand-List, Calayan is given as one of the localities for this species, a slip for Catanduanes; no woodpecker is known from Calayan.
Cf. references to Clarke under Thriponax hargitti.
Cf. Grant, Ibis (1896), 473, under Thriponax mindorensis.
Apart from the characters presented by the tarsal envelope, this division into suborders is fully justified by internal structures, but as these can not be examined in skins they are omitted above.
Key to the suborders of Passeriformes based upon internal characters.
a1. Intrinsic muscles of the syrinx fixed to the middle of the bronchial semirings, the muscles simple, small, and few. ... Mesomyodi a2. Intrinsic muscles of the syrinx fixed to the ends of the bronchial semirings, the muscles complex and numerous. ... Acromyodi
The pittas are known to some authors as "ant thrushes" but the latter name belongs properly to certain members of the South American family Formicariidæ. The name "ground thrush" appears to have greater validity as the English name for the Pittidæ, but the use of the name "thrush" in connection with this family is misleading and unnecessary.
See also the remarks on Pitta propinqua under the next preceding species.
Cf. Pitta rothschildi, page 420.
Trans. Linn. Soc. 2d. ser. Zool. (1877), 1, 331.
The validity of this species appears to me very doubtful; the original description follows:
"Völlig abweichend aber präsentiert sich ein anscheinend männliches stück aus Marinduque (Philippinen), dessen Unterseite derartig stark mit Blau übertönt erscheint, dass von der grünen Farbe kaum noch eine Spur sichtbar bleibt. Das Weiss der Flügels in den Schwingen erscheint bei diesem interessanten Vogel, der zudem stärker ist wie die beiden anderen Philippiner, in ganz exzessivem Masse entwiekelt; der Brustfleck dagegen ist relativ klein. Das Kolorit des Steissgefieders ist in prächtiges Karsisinrot (nicht Zinnoberrot)." (Parrot.)
Some species of the swallow family are known to European authors as sand martins, while other species are called house martins, but as, in the United States, the name martin is closely associated with the genus Progne, I prefer to retain the name swallow for all the species of Hirundinidæ known from the Philippine Islands.
Sharpe, Hand-List (1901), 3, 204, recognizes H. fuliginosa as distinct from H. sibirica and gives Palawan as one of its localities. A flycatcher collected by Platen in Palawan is recorded by Blasius as H. sibirica and I have met with no reference to H. fuliginosa from that Island except as given by Sharpe.
The islands of Bongao and Sulu are given here on the authority of Sharpe's Hand-List.
Sharpe, Hand-List, gives the locality "Palawan (winter)" for this flycatcher; I have not found that it is recorded from Palawan.
See also Whitehead, Ibis (1899), 107.
This key is slightly modified from the one given by Grant, Ibis (1896), 542.
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