Part 286

Ga-lang-si-ang', Bohol; lu-ci-ang, Cagayancillo; ma-ma-di-ang', Cuyo; co-ra-cling, Manila.

Agutaya (McGregor); Balabac (Everett); Bantayan (McGregor); Basilan (Everett, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, McGregor); Batan (McGregor); Bohol (Everett, McGregor); Bongao (Everett); Cagayancillo (McGregor); Cagayan Sulu (Guillemard, McGregor); Calamianes (Bourns & Worcester, McGregor); Caluya (Porter); Camiguin N. (McGregor); Camiguin S. (Murray); Catanduanes (Whitehead); Cebu (Meyer, Everett, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, McGregor); Cuyo (McGregor); Fuga (McGregor); Guimaras (Steere Exp.); Leyte (Everett); Libagao (Porter); Luzon (Meyer, Möllendorff, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, Whitehead, McGregor, Bartsch); Marinduque (Steere Exp.); Masbate (Bourns & Worcester, McGregor, Bartsch); Mindanao (Everett, Steere Exp., Goodfellow); Mindoro (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, McGregor); Negros (Meyer, Everett, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, Keay); Nipa (Everett); Palawan (Steere, Everett, Platen, Whitehead, Lempriere, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, White); Panay (Steere, Bourns & Worcester); Papahag (Bartsch); Polillo (McGregor); Romblon (Bourns & Worcester); Samar (Bourns & Worcester); Semirara (Worcester); Siasi (Guillemard); Sibutu (Everett); Sibuyan (Bourns & Worcester, McGregor); Siquijor (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, Celestino); Sulu (Burbidge, Bourns & Worcester); Tablas (Bourns & Worcester); Tawi Tawi (Bourns & Worcester); Ticao (McGregor).

Adult (sexes alike).--Entirely black, strongly glossed with green, except the remiges and rectrices which have but little gloss; when held away from the light the feathers show slight purple reflections. Iris bright red; bill, legs, and nails black. Length, about 215. A male from Bohol measures: Wing, 106; tail, 74; culmen from base, 25; bill from nostril, 15; tarsus, 22. A female from Bohol, wing, 104; tail, 72; culmen from base, 20; bill from nostril, 14; tarsus, 22.

Young.--Above blackish, slightly glossed with green; sides of head and of neck and under parts white or yellowish, streaked with blackish brown, the streaks narrowest on throat, widest on sides of breast and on flanks.

"Five males average: Length, 224; wing, 106; tail, 75; culmen, 22; tarsus, 21; middle toe with claw, 24. Four females, length, 212; wing, 102; tail, 69; culmen, 20; tarsus, 20; middle toe with claw, 24." (Bourns and Worcester MS.)

Three eggs of the Panay glossy starling collected by Whitehead in Isabela Province, Luzon, are described as follows: "Shape sharp ovate. Ground-color beautiful sea-green, blotched and spotted toward the large end with pale reddish lilac under-markings and sienna over-markings. Measurements, 27 mm. by 19 mm." (Grant and Whitehead.)

731. LAMPROCORAX TODAYENSIS Mearns.

TODAYA GLOSSY STARLING.

Lamprocorax todayensis Mearns, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. (1905), 18, 88; Grant, Ibis (1906), 469. Lamprococorax todayensis McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 109 (error).

Kohl-leé-po, Bagobos of Todaya.

Mindanao (Mearns, Goodfellow).

Female (type).--"Similar to L. panayensis, but much smaller, and otherwise differing as follows: The feathers of the nape and lower throat are more rigid and, perhaps, relatively longer; viewed in certain lights the plumage is less golden green, the gloss being purplish blue; the wings and tail are dull, purplish black, without metallic gloss; and the throat is more decidedly glossed with violet-purple. Length of skin, 157; wing, 95; tail, 59; culmen, 13.5; bill from nostril, 10; depth of bill at nostrils, 6; tarsus, 19." (Mearns.) "Iris ruby-red; bill and feet black." (Goodfellow.)

"This small species of glossy starling was abundant in the high forest above the Bagobo village of Todaya, where small flocks flew with great speed above the treetops, only alighting on the highest dry branches, where they were with difficulty reached by shot." (Mearns.)

Genus ÆTHEOPSAR Sharpe, 1890.

Frontal and nasal feathers long, antrorse or erect, and concealing the nostrils; feathers of crown, occiput, and ear-coverts lanceolate; tail short and rounded; plumage nearly all black or slate-gray; tips of primary-coverts and a large section of primaries pure white, forming a conspicuous wing-bar.

732. ÆTHEOPSAR CRISTATELLUS (Linnæus).

CRESTED MYNA.

Gracula cristatella Linnæus, Syst. Nat. ed. 10 (1758), 1, 109. Acridotheres cristatellus Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1890), 13, 92; Whitehead, Ibis (1899), 241. Ætheopsar cristatellus Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1890), 13, 666; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 108.

Mar-tí-nez, Manila.

Luzon (Meyer, Everett, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, McGregor, Celestino, Bartsch). Central and southern China.

Adult (sexes similar).--General color black, slightly ashy on the breast; crown and back faintly glossed with green and purple; under tail-coverts and rectrices tipped with white; a wide basal band of white across the primaries. Male from Manila: Iris yellow-ocher; bill pale green, brown at base; legs and feet dark yellow; nails horn-color. Length, 270; wing, 134; tail, 83; culmen from base, 25; bill from nostril, 17; tarsus, 39. Female from Manila: Iris light orange with a narrow outer yellow ring; bill greenish white; legs dull yellow; nails horn-gray. Length, 250; wing, 130; tail, 81; culmen from base, 25; bill from nostril, 16; tarsus, 38.

"Young.--Brown instead of black, with no crest on the head, only the frontal plumes being close-set. 'Bill yellowish horn-color; roof of mouth, inside of bill, and tip of tongue yellow, the rest flesh-color with a bluish-black tinge; legs light brownish yellow on the under parts, sole, and joints of scales, the rest purplish brown, darker on the claws; iris slight greenish yellow.' (R. Swinhoe.)" (Sharpe.)

"Very abundant about the city of Manila. Quite common about the Laguna de Bay." (Bourns and Worcester MS.)

Genus SARCOPS Walden, 1875.

Bill stout and as long as head; culmen gently curved; base of upper mandible covered with short feathers as far as the nostrils, but the latter exposed; rictal bristles short; sides and top of head naked, except a narrow median line; tail a little shorter than wing; rectrices graduated; upper parts largely silvery gray; wings, tail, and under parts black.

733. SARCOPS CALVUS (Linnæus).

GRAY-BACKED COLETO.

Gracula calva Linnæus, Syst. Nat. ed. 12 (1766), 1, 164. Sarcops calvus Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1890), 13, 97 (part); Grant, Ibis (1895), 258, 456; (1896), 469 (notes on the geographical races); Whitehead, Ibis (1899), 241 (habits, nest, voice); McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 109 (part). Sarcops lowii Sharpe, Trans. Linn. Soc. 2d. ser. Zool. (1877), 1, 344. (Sibutu).