Part 247

Male.--Above olive-green; forehead and line over eye drab; ear-coverts dull green; lores blackish; no white eye-ring; chin and fore throat buffy white; remainder of under parts light green, becoming light sulphur-yellow on middle of breast and abdomen; wing-feathers and rectrices blackish brown edged with olive-green. "Iris reddish brown; bill all plumbeous black; feet and claws pale olive." (Mearns.) Length, 158; wing, 72; tail, 56; culmen from base, 16; bill from nostril, 9; tarsus, 20. The male is described from a specimen collected by Mearns.

"Female.--Above olive-green, crown and ear-coverts tinged with brown; remiges deep brown with greenish outer edges and pale sulphur-yellow inner margins; tail brown with olive-green outer webs; under side sulphur-yellow; chin and upper throat pale buff; fore neck and sides of breast and abdomen strongly tinged with olive-greenish. No indication of white orbital ring. Wing, 71 to 75; tail, 58; bill from feathers, 12.5; tarsus, 21." (Hartert.)

Goodfellow's silvereye is a very distinct species of entirely different coloration from any of the preceding species. It is known only from Mount Apo, Mindanao.

621. ZOSTEROPS MALINDANGENSIS (Mearns).

MALINDANG SILVEREYE.

Zosterops goodfellowi malindangensis Mearns, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. (1909), 36, 443.

Mindanao (Mearns).

"Characters.--Smaller than typical Zosterops goodfellowi, with stouter bill, front half of head grayish brown instead of olive-green; nape greenish gray instead of olive-green; auricular patch more sharply defined and less greenish; malar region washed with brown instead of being dirty white; throat and upper breast more distinctly washed with brown. The iris is reddish brown in both; bill black in malindangensis, plumbeous-black in goodfellowi; feet and claws pale olive, yellowish on under side of toes in both." (Mearns.)

Genus HYPOCRYPTADIUS Hartert, 1903.

Bill similar to that of Zosterops, but somewhat stouter and ridge of culmen rounded; colors very different from Zosterops; entire upper parts cinnamon-rufous and no white eye-ring.

The characters of Hypocryptadius as given by Hartert follow: "Bill rather higher and comparatively short, the culmen distinctly curved; nasal groove less than one-third of the length of the exposed portion of the culmen; culminal ridge more rounded. Wing as in Zosterops (i. e., 'nine primaried'), the first (developed) primary only 5 mm. shorter than the next and at least 1 1/2 cm. longer than the secondaries. Larger than Zosterops, coloration different from all Zosteropidæ. Sexes alike. Feet very strong, but structurally similar to those of Zosterops."

622. HYPOCRYPTADIUS CINNAMOMEUS Hartert.

CINNAMON HYPOCRYPTADIUS.

Hypocryptadius cinnamomeus Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club (1903), 14, 13; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 96; Grant, Ibis (1906), 473, pl. 18, fig. 1.

Mindanao (Goodfellow, Mearns).

Male.--Above bright cinnamon-rufous; wing-feathers and rectrices blackish brown with most of the outer webs cinnamon-rufous; inner webs of primaries and secondaries cinnamon; under parts buff, tinged with cinnamon on breast, and becoming lilac-gray on lower breast and abdomen, and nearly white on crissum; thighs darker. Wing, 90; tail, 54; culmen from base, 16; bill from nostril, 10; tarsus, 21.

The female is similar to the male. This species is known only from Mount Apo, Mindanao.

Family DICÆIDÆ.

Bill short, rather broad at the base; cutting edges of both mandibles finely serrated for at least the distal third; first primary usually wanting; tail short and square. Birds of this family resemble the Nectariniidæ and differ from all other Passeriformes in the finely serrated tomia. The species are all small resident birds. Some are brightly marked with red or yellow, while others are plainly colored. They feed about flower or fruit trees or vines in the manner of the sunbirds.

Genera.

a1. Bill longer and more slender; width of upper mandible at base not greater, usually much less, than bill from nostril; tail shorter, not extending beyond the toes.

b1. Bill more slender, the terminal half decidedly compressed; outline of gonys nearly straight; culmen from base at least twice the greatest width of upper mandible; short first primary wanting ... Dicæum (p. 622) b2. Bill stouter, and decidedly broad nearly to the tip; outline of gonys convex; culmen from base less than twice the width of upper mandible. ... Prionochilus (p. 637)

a2. Bill shorter and stouter; width of upper mandible at base greater than length of bill from nostril; tail longer, its tip reaching beyond the toes. ... Piprisoma (p. 641)

Genus DICÆUM Cuvier, 1817.

The genus Dicæum is distinguished by the slender and sharply pointed bill, by the comparatively short tail, and by always lacking the first primary. The shape of the bill alone is enough to distinguish Dicæum from either Prionochilus or Piprisoma, for while the base of the bill is stout in all three genera, in Dicæum its distal portion is much compressed, slender and sharply pointed, and the outline of the gonys is but very slightly convex.

Species.

a1. Adults brightly colored with a large area, or at least a stripe, of red, orange, or yellow on under parts.

b1. Bright color of under parts red; no orange on the back; male and female similar in colors.