Part 236

a1. Upper parts olive-green.

b1. Breast, abdomen, and crissum lemon-yellow, or at least washed with yellow.

c1. Breast and abdomen bright lemon-yellow.

d1. Larger; bill longer; back duller olive-green. ... philippinensis (p. 599) d2. Smaller; bill shorter; back brighter olive-green. ... apoensis (p. 600)

c2. Breast, sides, and abdomen washed with yellow.

d1. Smaller; breast and sides less strongly washed with yellow. ... fallax (p. 601) d2. Larger; breast and sides more strongly washed with yellow. ... illex (p. 601)

b2. Breast olivaceous gray; abdomen white; crissum pale yellow. ... albiventris (p. 602)

a2. Upper parts brown.

b1. Smaller; wing, about 80 mm.; tail, 62; upper parts hair-brown, slightly olivaceous. ... whiteheadi (p. 602) b2. Larger; wing, 84 mm. or more; tail, 66 or more.

c1. Larger; upper parts mars-brown. ... winchelli (p. 603) c2. Smaller; upper parts dark walnut-brown; auriculars vinaceous cinnamon. ... homeyeri (p. 603)

584. HYLOTERPE PHILIPPINENSIS Walden.

LUZON THICKHEAD.

Hyloterpe philippinensis Walden, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist. (1872), 10, 252; Trans. Zool. Soc. (1875), 8, 179, pl. 31, fig. 2; Grant and Whitehead, Ibis (1898), 241 (eggs); Whitehead, Ibis (1899), 225 (habits, nest); Sharpe, Hand-List (1903), 4, 313 (part); McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 93 (error in locality list). Pachycephala philippinensis Gadow, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1883), 8, 221.

Luzon (Meyer, Whitehead, McGregor).

Adult.--Top of head and hind neck olive-brown, shading into dull olive-green on back; lighter olive-green on rump, tail-coverts, and edges of wing-feathers and rectrices; lores and ear-coverts drab; chin, throat, and malar region white; chin-feathers with black shafts; throat with obscure drab shaft-lines; sides of fore breast olive-yellow; remainder of under parts bright lemon-yellow. Iris brown; bill black; legs and nails flesh-color. Length, about 150. A male from Bataan Province, Luzon, measures: Wing, 84; tail, 69; culmen from base, 16; bill from nostril, 11; tarsus, 19. A female from the same locality, wing, 81; tail, 66; culmen from base, 16; bill from nostril, 11; tarsus, 20.

585. HYLOTERPE APOENSIS Mearns.

MOUNT APO THICKHEAD.

Hyloterpe philippinensis Grant and Whitehead, Ibis (1898), 241, pl. 5, fig. 1 (egg); Sharpe, Hand-List (1903), 4, 313 (part); Oates and Reid, Cat. Birds' Eggs (1905), 4, 299, pl. 13, fig. 18. Hyloterpe apoensis Mearns, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. (1905), 18, 86; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 93; Grant, Ibis (1906), 475 (critical); McGregor, Phil. Jour. Sci. (1907), 2, sec. A, 329 (Bohol). Hyloterpe apoensis basilanica Mearns, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. (1909), 36, 442.

Pbe'a-oi-toi, Bagobo of Mount Apo.

Basilan (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, McGregor, Mearns); Bohol (McGregor); Dinagat (Everett); Leyte (Whitehead); Mindanao (Bourns & Worcester, Mearns, Goodfellow, Celestino); Samar (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, Whitehead); Siquijor (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, Celestino).

Adult.--Similar to H. philippinensis, but the bill decidedly smaller and the back bright olive-green. A male topotype measures: Wing, 82; tail, 68; culmen from base, 14; bill from nostril, 9; tarsus, 18.5. Specimens from Bohol differ in having larger bills. A male measures: Wing, 75; tail, 62; culmen from base, 15; bill from nostril, 10. A male from Siquijor measures: Wing, 84; tail, 69; culmen from base, 17; bill from nostril, 11.

Whitehead found a set of two eggs of the Mount Apo thickhead near Paranas, Samar, in June, 1896. The eggs are thus described: "Shape ovate. Ground-color brownish cream-color, shading into a zone of deeper color round the larger end; the zone is ornamented with spots of pale sienna-brown and larger underlying markings of bluish gray. Measurements 23 mm. by 17 mm.

"Nest cup-shaped, very similar to that constructed by Iole philippensis, and composed of similar materials--fine roots and dead leaves. It was situated in the undergrowth of old forest in a small tree about three meters from the ground, and the female bird was obtained." (Grant and Whitehead.)

586. HYLOTERPE FALLAX McGregor.

CALAYAN THICKHEAD.

Hyloterpe fallax McGregor, Bull. Philippine Mus. (1904), 4, 27; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 93.

Sa-mot ba-sit, Calayan.

Calayan (McGregor).