Part 205

b1. Chin and throat gray.

c1. Tail longer, about 88 mm. ... caudatus (p. 519) c2. Tail shorter, about 70 mm. ... griseipectus (p. 519)

b2. Chin and throat light brown tinged with buff; tail, about 75 mm. ... unicolor (p. 519)

a2. Larger; wing, 66 mm.; tail, 90; feathers of chest heavily marked with black centers. ... malindangensis (p. 520)

494. PSEUDOTHARRHALEUS CAUDATUS Grant.

LUZON WOOD ACCENTOR.

Pseudotharrhaleus caudatus Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club (1895), 4, 40; Ibis (1895), 448, pl. 13; Whitehead, Ibis, (1899), 222, (habits); Sharpe, Hand-List (1903), 4, 29; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 80.

Luzon (Whitehead, McGregor).

Adult (sexes alike).--Above rich umber or dark brown, a grayish line on each side above lores and eye; lores brown; cheeks and ear-coverts brown with narrow whitish shaft-lines; chin and throat whitish, bordered on each side with gray; breast gray; sides of neck and breast gray with a faint olivaceous wash; flanks and thighs dark brown like upper parts; crissum lighter; middle of abdomen gray. Iris light brown; bill black; lower mandible whitish; legs dark brown; feet and nails lighter brown. Length, about 190. Two males measure: Wing, 61, 62; tail, 85, 88; culmen from base 17, 17; bill from nostril, 11, 10; tarsus, 26, 27.

495. PSEUDOTHARRHALEUS UNICOLOR Hartert.

MINDANAO WOOD ACCENTOR.

Pseudotharrhaleus unicolor Hartert, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club (1904), 14, 74; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 80; Grant, Ibis (1906), 479.

Mindanao (Goodfellow).

"Female.--Of exactly the same structure as P. caudatus Grant, from Luzon, but the tail much shorter, the upper side deeper rufous-brown, the whole under side rufous-brown with an olive tinge, only the upper throat lighter and somewhat tinged with buff. Wing, 92.5 [62.5?]; tail, 75; culmen from forehead, 16; metatarsus, 26." (Hartert.)

496. PSEUDOTHARRHALEUS GRISEIPECTUS Mearns.

GRAY-BREASTED WOOD ACCENTOR.

Pseudotharrhaleus griseipectus Mearns, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. (1905), 18, 2; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 81.

Mindanao (Mearns).

"Adult female (type and only specimen).--Size similar to that of the female of P. unicolor Hartert, assuming that the measurement 'wing 92.5' is a typographical error for 62.5, but the bill appears to be 2 mm. shorter. Coloration similar to that of the male and female of P. caudatus Grant, from which it may be readily distinguished by the shortness of the tail, 81 mm. in the female of P. griseipectus and 86.36 in the female of P. caudatus. The outermost tail-feather is slender and abortive, measuring 32 mm. in length; tarsus with six scutes; rictal bristles scarcely discernible; plumage soft and loose, the feathers of the back and rump 35 mm. in length, with gray bases and fluffy aftershafts; webs of rectrices decomposed and abraded apically; general color above burnt umber, washed with vandyke-brown on rump and upper tail-coverts; tail darker; wing-quills brownish black, the outer webs margined with the same color as the upper parts and extending to the outer webs of the under side of wing; head darker, inclining to sepia, with a dirty grayish supraorbital stripe; sides of throat, breast, and a wash down center of abdomen mouse-gray; chin and middle of throat white, each feather with a grayish middle; sides, crissum, and under tail-coverts like the back; breast tinged with gray. Iris hazel; bill with maxilla black; mandible grayish horn-color; feet and claws sepia-brown (from fresh specimens). Length, 176; alar expanse, 200; wing, 63; tail, 81; bill, measured from base of mandible, 14; bill from nostril, 8.5; tarsus, 14; middle toe with claw, 23." (Mearns.)

497. PSEUDOTHARRHALEUS MALINDANGENSIS Mearns.

MALINDANG WOOD ACCENTOR.

Pseudotharrhaleus malindangensis Mearns, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. (1909), 36, 441.

Mindanao (Mearns).

"Characters.--The largest known species of Pseudotharrhaleus; gray of cheeks and supraorbital stripe obscured by heavy markings of brown; feathers of chest heavily marked with black centers.

"Adult male (type and only specimen).--General color above burnt umber, washed with vandyke-brown on rump and upper tail-coverts; tail darker; wing-quills brownish black, with outer webs broadly margined with the same color as the upper parts and extending to the outer webs of the under side of wing; head sepia above, without an appreciable supraorbital stripe; sides of head grayish brown, maculated with bister; chin and upper throat dirty whitish; much obscured by dusky macules occupying the centers of the feathers; middle of chest gray, heavily marked with blackish centers to the feathers; sides, crissum and under tail-coverts, axillars, and lining of wings like the back, this color shading to wood-brown on middle of belly. Iris brown; bill plumbeous-black; feet and claws brown (from fresh specimen). The following measurements were taken from the type specimen, freshly killed, by the writer: Total length, 196; alar expanse, 212; wing, 66; tail, 90; culmen (chord), 16.5; bill from nostril, 10.3; from occiput to tip of bill, 42; tarsus, 28; middle toe with claw, 25.

"This bird was usually found in hollows under mossy logs. Its note resembles the alarm call of the American Pipilo fuscus mesoleucus." (Mearns.)

Genus TURDINUS Blyth, 1844.

Bill stout and deep; tip of upper mandible strongly curved and forming an overhanging hook; rictal bristles well developed, the longest nearly as long as bill from nostril; wing moderate in length, not greatly curved, longer than tail by about one-half the tarsus; tarsus strong and slightly longer than culmen from base.