Part 184

"Fairly abundant in the forests of Sulu and Tawi Tawi. Food usually insects. Two specimens, however, had been eating fruit. Five males from Tawi Tawi measure: Length, 152; wing, 75; tail, 47; culmen, 17; tarsus, 18; middle toe with claw, 18. Four females from Sulu, length, 154; wing, 78; tail, 50; culmen, 17; tarsus, 19; middle toe with claw, 19. Iris brown; legs, feet, and nails pale slate to light brown; upper mandible dark brown, lower light brown." (Bourns and Worcester MS.)

434. RHINOMYIAS INSIGNIS Grant.

LUZON RHINOMYIAS.

Rhinomyias insignis Grant, Bull. Brit. Orn. Club. (1895), 4, 40; Ibis (1895), 442, pl. 12, fig. 2; Whitehead, Ibis (1899), 109; Sharpe, Hand-List (1901), 3, 267; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 75.

Luzon (Whitehead, McGregor).

"Adult male and female.--The sexes of this extremely handsome flycatcher are perfectly similar to one another in plumage, and most nearly resemble R. gularis Sharpe, from Kina Balu, though the differences are remarkably striking. Upper parts olive, washed with sienna on the rump, upper tail-coverts, and tail; the superciliary stripes, chin, and throat-patch, middle of lower breast and belly, and under tail-coverts pure white; lores and fore part of the cheeks blackish; rest of cheeks, ear-coverts, and sides of throat olive washed with rufous, the latter color gradually increasing in intensity on the chest and upper breast, and becoming clear rust-red on the sides and flanks. Quills washed with reddish olive instead of sienna. Adult male, length, 162; wing, 89; tail, 66; tarsus, 28. Adult female, length, 160; wing, 86; tail, 63; tarsus, 28.

"This species is evidently distantly related to R. albigularis from Negros and Guimaras and R. ocularis from Sulu and Tawi Tawi, described by Bourns and Worcester, Occ. Papers Minnesota Acad. (1894), 1, 27, 28. It resembles both these species in having the middle of the throat, belly, and under tail-coverts white, but may be at once distinguished by the strongly marked white superciliary stripes and clear rust-red of the sides and flanks." (Grant.)

A male of this species from Benguet Province was 170 in length. Iris light brown; bill black; legs and feet lead-blue.

Genus CULICICAPA Swinhoe, 1871.

Bill short and depressed, its depth at nostril little more than one-half the width; oral bristles numerous, the longest reaching nearly to tip of bill; first primary more than one-half of second and less than one-half of third; fourth and fifth nearly equal and longest; tarsus slender, equal to twice the bill from nostril; plumage largely yellow.

Species.

a1. Head, chin, and throat gray, in contrast with the remainder of the plumage. ... ceylonensis (p. 472) a2. Head, chin, and throat yellow, uniform with the adjacent parts of the body. ... helianthea (p. 472)

435. CULICICAPA CEYLONENSIS (Swainson).

GRAY-HEADED YELLOW FLYCATCHER.

Platyrhynchus ceylonensis Swainson, Zool. Illustr. (1820), ser. 1, 1, pl. 13. Culicicapa ceylonensis Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1879), 4, 369; Hand-List (1901), 3, 268; Oates, Faun. Brit. Ind. Bds. (1890), 2, 38, fig. 16 (bill); Oates and Reid, Cat. Birds' Eggs (1903), 3, 283, pl. 9, fig. 6; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 75.

Palawan (Platen). Khasi Hills, Indian Peninsula, mountains of northwestern Borneo, Malay Peninsula, Ceylon, Java.

Adult male.--Top of head smoky gray; lores and sides of head lighter; remainder of upper parts light greenish yellow, rump a trifle lighter; wings and tail brown, the edges of the feathers greenish yellow, edges of secondaries lighter and more yellowish; chin, throat, and fore breast ashy gray; remainder of lower parts including axillars and wing-lining bright yellow. "Upper mandible black; lower mandible pale fleshy; feet olive-brown; soles yellow." (Abbott.) "Iris dark hazel; bill brown, paler at the base and gape; mouth yellow; legs yellowish brown; claws horn-color." (Oates.) Length, about 125; wing, 60; tail, 48; culmen from base, 12; bill from nostril, 7; tarsus, 12. Here described from a specimen collected by Abbott in Trong, Lower Siam.

436. CULICICAPA HELIANTHEA (Wallace).

YELLOW FLYCATCHER.

Muscicapa helianthea Wallace, Proc. Zool. Soc. (1865), 476. Xantholestes panayensis Sharpe, Trans. Linn. Soc. 2d. ser. Zool. (1877), 1, 327. Culicicapa panayensis Sharpe, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1879), 4, 371. Culicicapa hilianthea Whitehead, Ibis (1899), 109 (habits). Culicicapa helianthea Sharpe, Hand-List (1901), 3, 268; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 75.

Bongao (Everett); Cebu (Bourns & Worcester); Leyte (Whitehead); Luzon (Whitehead, McGregor); Mindanao (Mearns); Negros (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester); Palawan (Platen, Whitehead, Steere Exp., Everett, Bourns & Worcester); Panay (Steere); Tawi Tawi (Bourns & Worcester). Celebes, Banggai and Saleyer Islands.

Adult (sexes similar).--Above greenish yellow; feathers of crown with dusky centers; lores and sides of head lighter; a circle of feathers around eye bright yellow; under parts uniform bright yellow; wings and tail brown, the edges of the feathers greenish yellow, those of secondaries more yellowish. Upper mandible black; lower mandible pale yellowish, dusky along the edge; legs and nails dark brown. Length, 115. A male from Palawan: Wing, 59; tail, 48; culmen from base, 12; bill from nostril, 7; tarsus, 13. Female, wing, 55; tail, 48; culmen from base, 12; bill from nostril, 6; tarsus, 13.

Young.--Three nestlings collected in Benguet Province, Luzon, on June 1, 1903, resemble the adults, but the upper parts are darker and more greenish; rump and edges of secondaries and coverts pale yellow and entire lower parts pale yellow, brightest on the abdomen.

"The nine specimens collected by us in Tawi Tawi have the back slightly greener and show rather less yellow on the rump than do typical birds from the central Philippines. A deep woods bird with rather a pleasant song. Quite easy to obtain when once seen, as it is not at all shy.

"Three males from Tawi Tawi average: Length, 118; wing, 59; tail, 48; culmen, 14; tarsus, 13; middle toe with claw, 11. Seven females, length, 113; wing, 54; tail, 44; culmen, 14; tarsus, 12; middle toe with claw, 11. Iris nearly black; legs and feet dirty yellowish brown; upper mandible black, lower yellow." (Bourns and Worcester MS.)

Genus CRYPTOLOPHA Swainson, 1837.

Bill slender, depth and breadth equal at nostril; nasal and rictal bristles few and weak; wing longer than tail by less than length of tarsus; first primary more than one-half of second and less than one-half of third; fourth and fifth nearly equal and longest; tarsus slender and more than twice the bill from nostril. Small, inconspicuous birds with olive and yellowish green plumage; sexes similar. Some of the species resemble the members of the genus Acanthopneuste, but the very short first primary in the latter genus serves to distinguish it.

Species.