Part 146

Basilan (McGregor); Bongao (Everett); Mindanao (Everett, Celestino); Negros (Steere); Tawi Tawi (Everett). Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Timor, Flores, Celebes, New Guinea, Solomon Islands, northern Australia.

Adult female.--Above including wing and tail dark metallic bronze-green, mixed with dark purple, the latter color more pronounced on head and neck; some small white spots on lores and above and below eyes; below white, barred with coppery bronze; throat, fore breast, and sides of neck heavily washed with rich rusty brown which nearly obliterates the white and bronze bars; under wing-coverts and axillars barred with white and bronze; under surface of wing ashy brown; on inner web near the base of each quill a white patch, followed by a larger rufous patch forming a diagonal double band; rectrices rufous, outermost pair barred with black and white and with white tips; next two pairs barred with black and with white tips; fourth pair ashy brown, barred with rufous on outer webs and with tips subterminally blackish; middle pair ashy brown with obsolete subterminal bars. Iris red; bill black, dark red at base; feet dark green. Length, 160; wing, 99; tail, 66; culmen from base, 16; bill from nostril, 12. The specimen described above was taken in Basilan. Male similar?

"Bill blackish; iris burnt sienna color; orbital ring fine vermilion; feet very dark lead-gray." (Everett.)

Genus EUDYNAMYS Vigors and Horsfield, 1826.

Adult male entirely black; adult female conspicuously barred and spotted; feet stout; tail long, its feathers broad and rounded at their tips.

Species.

a1. Plumage black (males).

b1. Smaller; wing, 200 mm. or less. ... honorata (p. 378); mindanensis (p. 379) b2. Larger; wing, 225 mm. or more. ... frater (p. 379)

a2. Plumage barred (females).

b1. Smaller; wing, 200 mm. or less.

c1. Bars on abdomen broader. ... honorata (p. 378) c2. Bars on abdomen narrower. ... mindanensis (p. 379)

b2. Larger; wing, 225 mm. or more. ... frater (p. 379)

340. EUDYNAMYS HONORATA (Linnæus).

INDIAN KOEL.

Cuculus honoratus Linnæus, Syst. Nat. ed. 12, (1766), 1, 169. Eudynamis honorata Shelley, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1891), 19, 316; Blanford, Fauna Brit. Ind. Bds. (1895), 3, 228, fig. 65 (head); Sharpe, Hand-List, (1900), 2, 164; Oates and Reid, Cat. Birds' Eggs (1903), 3, 121; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 62.

Palawan (Platen, Steere Exp.). Malay and Indian Peninsulas, Burmese Provinces, Andaman Islands, Ceylon, China, Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Flores.

"Adult male.--Entire plumage black, very strongly glossed with bluish green. 'Iris crimson; bill pale bluish green, dusky round the nostrils; legs and feet leaden blue.' (Legge.) Length, 386; culmen, 30; wing, 193; tail, 200; tarsus, 30.

"Adult female.--Above blackish brown, with an olive gloss; crown, sides of the head, and back of the neck very strongly mottled with broad white shaft-stripes, which are generally shaded toward the forehead with rufous; back and wing-coverts spotted with white; quills, upper tail-coverts, and tail barred with white; beneath white, feathers of the throat with broad black sides, remainder of the under surface of the body and the under wing-coverts with rather broad black angular bars; under surface of the quills brown, partially barred with white. 'Iris crimson; legs and feet plumbeous; bill greenish gray, gape pinkish flesh-color.' (Butler.) Length, 406; culmen, 30; wing, 190; tail, 198; tarsus, 33.

"Nestling.--Entirely greenish black like the adult male.

"The scarcely full-grown birds have more or less marking on the tail-feathers and the under surface of the quills, and have numerous fulvous spots on the body-feathers. In more than one specimen the breast and abdomen are thickly mottled with buff markings.

"There seems to me to be no absolute uniformity in the color of the young birds, and some are much more spotted than others. If Mr. Whitehead's surmise is correct, that the young female is also black like the male, then it is possible that the less spotted nestlings are males, which remain almost uniform till they take on the adult plumage after their first molt, while the feathers are even more mottled, foreshadowing the spotted dress which they are about to assume. The plumage of the adult female also varies, and very old birds appear to me to grow hoary, while the yellowish or reddish tinge on the head and throat may be considered as sure signs of youth." (Shelley.)

"Whitehead insists, Ibis (1890), 46, that the Palawan species is E. mindanensis, and not E. malayana (honorata). Blasius, however, seems to think that he found both species among Dr. Platen's birds. Steere identified the specimens secured by us in 1897 as E. malayana. We secured no additional material on our present trip." (Bourns and Worcester MS.)

341. EUDYNAMYS MINDANENSIS (Linnæus).

PHILIPPINE KOEL.

Cuculus mindanensis Linnæus, Syst. Nat. ed. 12, (1766), 1, 169. Eudynamis mindanensis Shelley, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1891), 19, 321; Sharpe, Hand-List (1900), 2, 165; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 63.

Ba-haó, Ticao; cu-aó, Masbate; pa-haó, Cagayancillo; bau-baó, Cuyo; cu-aoó, Calayan.

Apo (Celestino); Bantayan (McGregor); Basilan (Everett, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, McGregor); Bohol (McGregor); Bongao (Everett); Cagayancillo (McGregor); Calayan (McGregor); Caluya (Porter); Camiguin N. (McGregor); Cebu (Bourns & Worcester); Cuyo (McGregor); Fuga (McGregor); Guimaras (Meyer); Leyte (Whitehead); Luzon (Everett, Whitehead); Malanipa (Murray); Marinduque (Steere Exp.); Masbate (Bourns & Worcester, McGregor); Mindanao (Everett, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, Celestino, Goodfellow); Mindoro (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, Whitehead, McGregor, Porter); Negros (Steere, Bourns & Worcester, Keay); Palawan (Platen, Whitehead, Steere Exp.); Panay (Bourns & Worcester); Romblon (Bourns & Worcester, McGregor); Samar (Steere Exp.); Semirara (McGregor & Worcester); Sibutu (Everett); Sibuyan (Bourns & Worcester, McGregor); Siquijor (Bourns & Worcester, Celestino); Sulu (Platen, Bourns & Worcester); Tablas (Bourns & Worcester); Tawi Tawi (Bourns & Worcester); Ticao (McGregor). Sangi Islands.

"Adult male.--Similar in plumage to E. honorata. 'Bill grayish green; legs dark lead-gray; claws black; iris crimson.' (Everett.) Length, 373; culmen, 30; wing, 188; tail, 193; tarsus, 33.