Part 12

"Adult.--Above dark brown with greenish reflections; amethystine spot on hind neck less blue than in P. amethystina; top of head brown, forehead slightly lighter and nape slightly darker than crown; sides of face and ear-coverts brown, paler than crown; a narrow, dark brown streak under eye; chin and throat grayish fulvous; breast pearly ash; abdomen, flanks, thighs, and under tail-coverts ochraceous-brown; under surface of tail brownish black with a broad, gray, terminal band; under wing-coverts and axillars fulvous-brown; primaries with sharply defined light edges on upper web; below slightly more ashy; tail-feathers brown above with distinct terminal bands of gray, central pair with slight metallic gloss; shafts of quills black above and below except the terminal 15 mm. which are white. Bill black; feet dark pink; nails brown; iris orange-red. Length, 255; wing, 132; tail, 89; culmen, 24; tarsus, 18. A well-defined species distinguished from P. amethystina by its smaller size and the entirely different color of its under surface." (Bourns and Worcester.)

This species is very distinct from P. amethystina being smaller and differently colored. A male measures: Length, 267; wing, 135; tail, 100; culmen from base, 25.

19. PHAPITRERON FRONTALIS Bourns and Worcester.

CEBU AMETHYSTINE PIGEON.

Phabotreron frontalis Bourns and Worcester, Minnesota Acad. Nat. Sci. Occ. Papers (1894), 1, 10; Sharpe, Hand-List (1899), 1, 55. Phapitreron frontalis McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 10.

Cebu (Bourns & Worcester).

"Adult.--General color of upper surface as in P. brunneiceps but forehead and crown lighter, nape washed with ashy gray, and lacking metallic gloss; tail glossed with dull bronze instead of amethystine and the terminal band less strongly marked than in brunneiceps; under surface much as in brunneiceps but everywhere darker; under tail-coverts ashy gray, slightly tipped with fulvous; tail much as in brunneiceps, the outer web of outer pair of feathers being, however, light brown; basal half of shafts dirty whitish; apical fourth white, rest brown. Iris pale orange; bill black; legs and feet purple; nails light brown. Sexes alike. Length, 260; wing, 140; tail, 100; culmen, 51; tarsus, 21." (Bourns and Worcester.)

The length of culmen given above (2 inches in original description) is undoubtedly an error.

20. PHAPITRERON MACULIPECTUS Bourns and Worcester.

MOTTLED AMETHYSTINE PIGEON.

Phabotreron maculipectus Bourns and Worcester, Minnesota Acad. Nat. Sci. Occ. Papers (1894), 1, 10; Sharpe, Hand-List (1899), 1, 55; Grant, Ibis (1896), 563. Phapitreron maculipectus McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 10.

Negros (Bourns & Worcester, Whitehead).

"Adult male.--Upper surface exactly as in P. amethystina except that the primaries are slightly darker; dark brown stripe under eye extending from gape through ear-coverts to hind neck; below this a white stripe and a second shorter dark stripe below the latter; cheeks fulvous brown; chin and throat more ruddy brown; breast clear ashy gray, each feather having an edging distinctly lighter than its center, producing a beautiful mottled appearance; feathers on center of fore breast washed with brown and forming a distinct patch; feathers of abdomen lack the dark centers, and their edges washed with light brown; thighs and under tail-coverts cinnamon-brown, much lighter than in P. amethystina; under surface of tail-feathers dark brown, nearly black, with faint metallic gloss and a broad, gray, terminal band; shafts of feathers black changing to white at tips; under surface of wing and axillars uniform fulvous brown. Bill black; feet dark pink; nails dark brown, nearly black. Wing, 145; tail, 115; culmen, 26; tarsus, 20. Length not taken from birds in flesh. This beautiful species was obtained in the Island of Negros on the mountains of the interior, where it is by no means common. It is distinguished from all the other species of the genus by its fine mottled breast." (Bourns and Worcester.)

21. PHAPITRERON LEUCOTIS (Temminck).

NORTHERN WHITE-EARED PIGEON.

Columba leucotis Temminck, Pl. Col. (1823), 189. Phabotreron leucotis Salvadori, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1893), 21, 67; Sharpe, Hand-List (1899), 1, 55; Oates, Cat. Birds' Eggs (1901), 1, 83. Phapitreron leucotis McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 10; McGregor, Bur. Govt. Labs. Manila (1905), 34, 6, pl. 3 (nest). Geopelia striata Grant and Whitehead, Ibis (1898), 246 (eggs)! error.

Ba-to ba-to tu-loc, Manila; cu-lu-cu-luc, Lubang.

Catanduanes (Whitehead); Luzon (Meyer, Heriot, Everett, Steere Exp., Whitehead, McGregor); Mindoro (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, Everett, McGregor, Porter).

Adult.--A black line from gape to nape below eye; below this a white line from opposite the posterior border of eye to nape; above, general color brown; forehead and crown dark gray; below brown; chin, upper throat, and cheeks ruddy fulvous; lower breast and abdomen slightly ochraceous, much paler posteriorly; under tail-coverts dark pearl-gray; wings brown; primaries with pale edges; rectrices brown, each with a wide, terminal, gray band. Metallic reflections; specimen held toward the light, occiput, neck, sides of neck, throat, breast, sides of body, and flanks bronze-green; a blue collar on hind neck and a blue band across interscapulars; back, rump, and wing-coverts touched with purple; when specimen is held away from the light the blue bands change to green; the green of neck and lower parts becomes purple; the back, wing-coverts, tail-coverts, and rectrices are touched with violet and dark purple. Iris varies, usually mottled pinkish surrounded by a narrow white ring or a pale blue ring; bill black; legs carmine; nails horn-brown. Length, about 235. Three males average: Wing, 134; tail, 81; culmen from base, 18; tarsus, 20.

Four eggs taken by Whitehead at Cape Engaño in May, 1895, are "glossy and measure from 26.5 to 28.5 in length, and from 19.5 to 20 in breadth." (Oates.)

"Fairly common in deep woods. Breeds in April. Legs and feet deep pink; nails brown. Length, 260; wing, 127; tail, 95; tarsus, 19; middle toe with claw, 29." (Bourns and Worcester MS.)

This species is fairly abundant in the islands where it occurs. Several nests were found in Mindoro; they were constructed of twisted plant tendrils which material gave the nests the appearance of being made of spiral springs. The nest was invariably placed in a small tree and rested on a horizontal branch at from 2 to 6 meters from the ground. Eggs and nestlings were found from April 8 to May 6.

22. PHAPITRERON OCCIPITALIS Salvadori.

BASILAN WHITE-EARED PIGEON.

Phabotreron occipitalis Salvadori, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1893), 21, 68; Sharpe, Hand-List (1899), 1, 55. Phapitreron occipitalis McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 10.

Basilan (Everett, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, McGregor).

Adult (sexes similar).--"Similar to P. leucotis, but the rufous throat more vinous, and the occiput of a coppery amethystine, very conspicuous; the back and wings of a more greenish hue. 'Iris light warm brown; bill black; feet carmine.' (Everett.) Length, about 230; wing, 127; tail, 91; bill, 15; tarsus, 20." (Salvadori.)

"Iris purple; legs and feet dark pink; nails brown; bill black. Length, 250; wing, 126; tail, 86; culmen, 18; tarsus, 18.5; middle toe with claw, 28. Abundant in Basilan. A deep woods bird." (Bourns and Worcester MS.)