Part 10

Treron axillaris Bonaparte, Compt. Rend. (1854), 39, 875. Osmotreron axillaris Salvadori, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1893), 21, 48, pl. 4; Sharpe, Hand-List (1899), 1, 54; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 9.

Pú-nay, in general use.

Bantayan (McGregor); Basilan (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, McGregor); Catanduanes (Whitehead); Cebu (Everett, McGregor); Dinagat (Everett); Guimaras (Meyer, Murray, Steere Exp.); Lubang (McGregor); Luzon (Everett, Meyer, Whitehead, McGregor); Masbate (McGregor); Mindanao (Steere, Everett, Koch & Schadenberg, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, Goodfellow, Celestino); Mindoro (Everett, McGregor, Porter); Negros (Meyer, Steere, Everett, Keay); Panay (Murray, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester); Romblon (McGregor); Samar (Whitehead); Semirara (Worcester); Sibay (Porter); Siquijor (Bourns & Worcester, Celestino); Tablas (Celestino); Tawi Tawi (Bourns & Worcester); Ticao (McGregor); Verde (McGregor).

Adult male.--Top of head and a narrow band in front of mantle pearl-gray, darker on crown; mantle and lesser coverts rich maroon, forming a wide band across the back; rest of upper parts (except wings) and lower parts, except as beyond, yellowish green, duller and greener on neck and face, darker and richer on rump and tail-coverts, lighter and yellower on lower parts; flanks and thighs dark olive-green; under tail-coverts white, their tips light yellow; wings black; inner secondaries, and median and greater coverts edged with clear lemon-yellow; outer secondaries edged with pale straw-yellow; tail black below with a wide, gray terminal band. Iris light glistening blue; bill dark red at base, bluish beyond nostrils; feet and nails lead-blue. Length, 280 to 305; three males measure: Wing, 153 to 158; tail, 98 to 100; culmen from base, 20 to 23; tarsus, 23 to 24.

Adult female.--Somewhat similar to the male but general coloration darker and greener; edging of wing-coverts paler; maroon of mantle and wings and gray band in front of mantle wanting; under tail-coverts with narrow, dark-green shaft-lines. A female from Lubang measures: Wing, 165; tail, 104; culmen from base, 21; tarsus, 22.

This very showy dove is usually found feeding in fruit trees and often in company with the smaller, congeneric species, O. vernans, but the latter is a much rarer bird.

14. OSMOTRERON EVERETTI Rothschild.

EVERETT'S GREEN PIGEON.

Osmotreron axillaris Salvadori, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1893), 21, 48 (part). Osmotreron everetti Rothschild, Nov. Zool. (1894), 1, 41; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 9.

Bongao (Everett); Meimbun (Everett?); Sibutu (Everett); Sulu (Burbidge, Guillemard, Everett).

"Osmotreron everetti resembles O. axillaris from the Philippines, but is altogether a larger bird; the purplish chestnut mantle is bordered above by a very conspicuous interscapulary band of lavender-gray, of the same color as the crown; this color is of a lighter shade than in O. axillaris and the interscapulary band is much less distinct and not so pure gray in the latter. In O. everetti the green of the neck and breast is a shade lighter and more tinged with yellow, the abdomen paler and more grayish along the middle. Length, about 279; wing, 161 to 165 ([female] 162 to 165); tail, 91 to 92; bill, 19; tarsus, 23. 'Iris greenish silvery' (Everett); 'iris pearly green; bill red at base, blue at tip; feet pale slate.' (Guillemard.) I have no female of true O. axillaris to compare, but the female of O. everetti seems to be the larger, and the mantle much darker olive." (Rothschild.)

I have seen no specimens of Everett's green pigeon.

15. OSMOTRERON VERNANS (Linnæus).

PINK-NECKED GREEN PIGEON.

Columba vernans Linnæus, Mantissa Plantarum (1771), 526. Osmotreron vernans Salvadori, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus. (1893), 21, 60; Sharpe, Hand-List (1899), 1, 54; Oates, Cat. Birds' Eggs (1901), 1, 83; McGregor and Worcester, Hand-List (1906), 9.

Pú-nay. in general use.

Bantayan (McGregor); Basilan (Everett, Bourns & Worcester, McGregor); Bohol (Everett, McGregor); Calamianes (Bourns & Worcester, McGregor); Cebu (Everett, McGregor); Guimaras (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester); Luzon (Meyer, Heriot, Steere Exp., McGregor); Masbate (Bourns & Worcester); Mindanao (Everett, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, Goodfellow); Mindoro (McGregor, Porter); Negros (Bourns & Worcester, Keay); Palawan (Everett, Platen, Whitehead, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, White); Panay (Steere, Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester); Siasi (Guillemard); Sibay (Porter); Siquijor (Steere Exp., Bourns & Worcester, Celestino). Celebes, Malay Peninsula, Indo-Malay Islands, Indo-Chinese provinces.

Adult male.--Head, chin, and upper throat blue-gray, darkest on crown; forehead, sides of face, chin, and throat faintly greenish; neck all round and sides of head behind eye lavender-gray, forming a narrow band on hind neck and a wide patch on lower throat, followed by a patch of deep orange on breast; lower breast and abdomen yellowish green, clear lemon-yellow on middle of belly; sides and lining of wing blue-gray; flanks and thighs dark olive-green, the latter streaked with light lemon-yellow; under tail-coverts chestnut; back, rump, mantle, and secondary-coverts dull gray-green, richer green on the coverts; upper tail-coverts like rump but with a faint chestnut wash; primaries, alula, primary-coverts, and outer secondaries black; some of the primaries and secondaries edged with yellow; greater coverts broadly margined with pale yellow, forming a conspicuous band; rectrices slate-gray above, each with a black subterminal band and washed with green near the base; rectrices blackish below with narrow slate-gray tips. Base of bill black, tip pale blue; iris light yellow; legs and feet coral-pink. Salvadori quotes the following iris colors from Davidson: "Irides with three rings, the outer one rose-pink, the next prussian-blue, the innermost ultramarine-blue." Length, 280; wing, 147; tail, 92; culmen from base, 19; tarsus, 23.

Adult female.--Nearly all green; somewhat similar to the male but darker green above; the lavender wanting on head and neck, and orange wanting on breast, these parts being dark green; under tail-coverts pale yellow, more or less washed with cinnamon on inner webs. One female from Mariveles, Bataan Province, measures: Length, 280; wing, 148; tail, 93; culmen from base, 19; tarsus, 22.

"Young male.--Resembles the female, but with some trace of the vinaceous purple color on the neck, and of the brown-orange on the breast.

"Young female.--Has the rufescent color of the upper tail-coverts scarcely visible, and the central tail-feathers more or less tinged with green.

"Some specimens have the forehead and throat more or less tinged with greenish, but they are not confined to a particular locality. I have seen in the Museum of Paris a variety entirely of a canary-yellow." (Salvadori.)

"Its nest is a mere platform of twigs, grass-stems, tendrils, and leaves, measuring about 180 mm. in breadth. The eggs are nearly oval in form, pure white in color, and measure 31 by 24." (Bourns and Worcester MS.)

Genus PHAPITRERON Bonaparte, 1854.

Length, 230 to 280 mm.; sexes alike in color; colors nearly uniform brown of various shades; a wide iridescent band on neck; primaries neither scooped nor cut; rectrices graduated and rounded and with gray tips; under tail-coverts gray or dark buff. Birds of this genus are closely related inter se, maculipectus alone showing a slight departure from the type in its mottled breast. The species fall naturally into two groups which might take the rank of subgenera were anything to be gained thereby. The first five species (see key to species), the amethystina group are rare deep-woods birds; their colors are generally darker brown than those of the leucotis group and the bill is noticeably longer and heavier, being longer than tarsus. The five species of the leucotis group are fairly common in their respective ranges; they are to be found in more open country or even on the borders of rice-fields; in this group the tarsus equals, or is slightly greater than, the culmen.

Species.

a1. Culmen more than 19 mm.; longer than tarsus.

b1. Breast not mottled.