Chapter Iii.--the Fraticelli.

Question Raised as to the Poverty of Christ 129

Reaction against the Holiness of Poverty 130

Doctrine of the Poverty of Christ Declared a Heresy 134

It Complicates the Quarrel with Louis of Bavaria 135

Marsiglio of Padua and William of Ockham 139

Gradual Estrangement of the Franciscans 142

Louis Deposes John XXII. as a Heretic 145

Michele da Cesena Revolts 147

Utility of the Inquisition.--Submission of the Antipope 149

Struggle in Germany.--The Franciscans Support Louis 153

Louis gradually Gains Strength.--His Death 156

Dissident Franciscans Known as Fraticelli 158

Sympathy for them under Persecution 160

Their Tenets 162

Fraticelli in France and Spain 167

Orthodox Ascetism.--Jesuats.--Observantines 171

The Observantines Replace and Suppress the Fraticelli 174