Part 10

=ḍeiḍoyar kare= or =ḍ. fadama=, Hyptis Spicigera, Lam. (Labiatæ). A weed of waste places. Syn. =riḍin kada=. =ḍ. gona=, Leucas martinicensis, R. Br. (Labiatæ). An odorous weed with whorls of small white flowers. Syn. =sarakuwar sauro= (Kats.).

=dinkin=, the young leaves of certain plants used fresh with ground-nuts, salt, pepper, &c. made up as food; chiefly =d. ḍinya= (v. =ḍinya=); also of =zuwo=, q.v. and sometimes used of =rama= and other plants with edible leaves.

=ḍinya= (Kano), =ḍumya= (Sok.), Vitex Cienkowskii, Kotschy et Peyr. (Verbenaceæ); a common tree with digitate leaves, fragrant flowers, and a black plum-like fruit used in making maḍi; vide under =dinkin=; ḅurzu or ḳurzun ḍinya = ḳwalon ḍinya, the stone of the fruit.

ḍinyar biri, Vitex diversifolia, Bak., a shrub or small tree with fragrant leaves, and flowers similar to those of =ḍinya=.

=dirin da rani= (Kano), a variety of =rama=, q.v.

=ḍiwa=, Rhytachne congoensis, Hack., a tall grass; used for making screens, zana, &c.

=ḍiyan hanwawa= (Sok.), Ctenolepis cerasiformis Hook. f. (Cucurbitaceæ). A twiner with scarlet berries; (hanwawa or hawainya = chamæleon); syn. =namijin garafuni=.

=ḍoḍoriya=, Vitis quadrangularis, Linn. (Ampelideæ), vide =ḍaḍori=.

=ḍoiḍoya= or =ḍoḍoya=, vide =ḍeiḍoya=.

=doka=, Isoberlinia doka, Craib. et Stapf (Leguminosæ); a large tree with white flowers, shining leaves and large flat pods; very abundant in central Hausaland. fara doka, Isoberlinia Dalzielii, Craib. et Stapf, a large tree closely allied to the last, with paler leaves and bark.

=domana=, a gummy blight on Guinea Corn and other cereals; (?Aphis Sorghi).

=domashi=, Vernonia Kotschyana, Schultz. (Compositæ); an under-shrub with bitter root, used as a tonic-medicine, &c. domashin maza? (Katagum), vide under =matsarmama=.

=ḍorowa= or =ḍorawa=, Parkia filicoidea, Welw. (Leguminosæ). “African Locust Bean Tree;” a large acacia-like tree with pendulous balls of deep-red flowers and bunches of pods; the seeds and the mealy yellow pulp of the pods are used as food. kaluwa = seeds of ḍorowa, which are made into black fermented cakes called daudawa (Sok.) or daddawa (Kano), and also takaluwa; makuba = fermented extract of husks of ḍorowa pods, used for hardening beaten floors, sides of indigo pits, &c. saḅada or safada (Kano) = young fruiting heads of ḍorowa (etym. from resemblance in shape and surface to a plaited garment of that name). tutu (or turu-turu) = the red pendulous flower-balls (sucked by boys); gundar tutu = the unexpanded flower-buds; garda = the unripe pods when bright brown in colour and beginning to form seeds (the name of a brown-winged dove). The successive stages from bud to pod are:—kashin awaki, kashin raḳuma, tutu, safada, garda. harawan ḍorawa = the membranous lining of the pods used as a fibre for tying arrows, &c.

=doya=, Dioscorea sativa, Linn. D. prehensilis, Benth. D. abyssinica, Hochst. D. alata, L. (Dioscorideæ). Cultivated yams. vide also =sakata=, and =ḳarasa= (=doyar kudu=).

doyar bisa, the edible solid bulbs in the leaf-axils of certain species of Dioscorea. Syn. tuwon biri.

doyar daji, wild species of Dioscorea.

doyar kurege, Curculigo gallabatensis, Schweinf. (Amaryllideæ); a yellow-flowered herb with a stout vertical rhizome. Syn. muruchin makeruwa, q.v.

doyar giwa, vide ḳayar giwa.

=dufuwa=, a dense thorny thicket, cf. =gumbi= and =ḳumchi=; generally applied to the acacia called =sarḳaḳiya=, q.v.

=dukki= or =dunki= (Sok. and Kats.), Celtis integrifolia, Lam. (Urticaceæ); “Nettle Tree;” a large tree with serrate leaves somewhat like those of the nettle; the young leaves are used in soup and as fodder. Syn. =zuwo= (Kano, Zaria, &c.). cf. also =dinkin=.

=dukuma=, vide under =dankali=.

=dulu=, Ficus sp. a tree with large figs; common in ravines.

=duma=, Lagenaria vulgaris, Ser. (Cucurbitaceæ). “Bottle Gourd,” “Club Gourd” or “White Pumpkin;” the common white-flowered cultivated gourd with soft foliage and variously shaped fruits known by different names:—buta, gora, and gyandama, common water-bottle gourds; jallo, a small pear-shaped one used to carry ruwan alwalla; ḳoḳo, kwokwo or kwachiya, a small-sized calabash used as a cup; kumbu, ditto with cover, used as a small box for snuff, &c.; ḳwariya, common larger calabash; masaki and mabakachi, the largest-sized calabash used at market, and for separating grain from husk, &c., &c. ludai or luddai (Sok.), bottle gourd with narrow neck, split to form spoons, ladles, &c. kololo, similar to luddai, with hollow neck; gako (Sok.), like luddai with solid neck; moda, larger bottle gourd with curved neck which serves as a handle, the body pierced for use as a dipper or handled pot; shantu, long narrow gourd used as a musical instrument; bututu, the narrow portion of shantu or luddai, &c. used as a blowing horn; jemo, a short wide-mouthed club-shaped or large pear-shaped gourd, used to hold milk, &c.; zuru and zunguru, club-shaped or cylindrical gourds used in the application of lalle to the hand; kurtu, bottle or club-shaped with narrow neck, the wider portion used for immersing the hand in staining with henna, the narrow half used as a blowing horn; kwoton tadawa, an ovoid tubercled gourd, used for native ink-pots, &c. vide also kulbutu or tsana (Sok.), an edible variety resembling a cucumber, and kurzunu, a tubercled variety of the same.

=dumar dutsi=, vide under =gaḍaukuka=.

=dumar kada=, =d. rafi=, Ipomœa repens, Lam. (Convolvulaceæ); a common trailing convolvulus with broad round leaves and purple flowers.

=dumar kwaḍi=, Ipomœa sp. a var. of convolvulus.

=ḍumya= (Sok.), vide =ḍinya= (Kano).

=ḍunḍu=, Dichrostachys nutans, Br. (Leguminosæ); a thorny shrub like an acacia, with pendulous lilac-coloured flower-spikes, and clusters of twisted pods; fibre from the root-bark. vide under =meḍi= and =yawa=.