Part 22

Thrasher, California, 163-164. digging with sickle-shaped bill, 163-164. in chaparral, 6. song, 6, 169. straight bills of young, 164.

Titmouse, Plain, 141, 184, 175-183. building, 175-182. gladly accepts feathers, 177. needs no horsehair or straw, 179-181. nesting sites, 175. song, 175.

Tit, Wren-, 57, 60, 62, 189-193. breaking up gnatcatcher's nest, 45, 46, 48. skulking manners, 49, 59. song, 6, 169. usurping a mother's rights, 189-193.

Towhee, California, 28, 46, 47, 57, 58, 59, 92-95, 163, 189, 200. call note, 92. common and tame, 92. nesting, 93, 94. shy at nest, 93-94. song, 93.

Towhee, Green-tailed, 162-163.

Towhee, Spurred, 18, 160, 162. singing, 169.

Trade wind, 68-69.

Trees, acacia, 189. elder, 15. eucalyptus, 211-220; character of, 213-214, 219-220; grove, 211-220; raised for fuel, 211. live-oaks, 5, 6, 21, 86, 159-170; garden of, 159-160, 170; sapped by mistletoe, 167. pepper, 197. sycamore, 15, 21, 24-25, 67, 68; the big, 112-122, 159. tobacco, 88. willow, 123.

Turkey Buzzard. See Vulture.

Turtle Dove. See Dove.

Twin Oaks Canyon, 5-6, 159.

Ughland Canyon, 21, 38, 123, 159.

Vineyard, birds eating grubs in, 12-13.

Vireo, Hutton's, 140-146. a devoted pair, 142. building, 142, 145. call note, 145. fond of nest, 143, 145. nest, 144. nesting site, 141, 144.

Vireo, Least, song, 6, 44, 169.

Vireo, Warbling, 27, 59. building, 56. scolding jay, 60.

Vulture, Turkey, 16, 97-98, 162. circle over fighting snakes, 97. eating woodpecker, 70. eating skunk, 201. queer attitude, 98. scavenger, 97. soaring, 97, 98.

Warbler, 160. migrants, 6, 7, 123.

Waxwing, 69.

Whip-poor-will. See Poor-will.

Woodpecker, California, 65-80, 81, 123. building, 28. flycatching, 160. hunting ground distant from nest, 69. long intervals in feeding, 69. lying in wait for prey, 141. nesting site, 28, 71. notes, 69. old birds poisoned (?), 70. rescuing the young, 71-73. young orphans, inherited instincts, 75, 76, 78, 79; notes, 78.

Woodpecker, Red-headed, 66, 69.

Wood rat, in chaparral, 55.

Wren, 9-10.

Wren, Vigors's, 170-174. linnets quarreling over materials, 171. nesting site, 171. young buried alive by linnets (?), 172-174.

Wren, Western House, 20-37, 65, 67, 69, 81, 84, 112, 117, 123, 160, 219. building, 22, 25, 30, 96, 128. common birds, 95. feeding young on insects, 31. nesting takes six weeks, 35. nests in sycamore holes, 22, 128. odd nesting sites, 95. song, 22, 30, 96, 97. tremulous motion of wings, 30, 33.

Yellow-bird. See Goldfinch.

Young birds, Bluebird, 185. Brewer's Blackbird, 87. Burrowing Owl, 11-12. Bush-tit, 28, 110, 111. California Jay, 85. California Woodpecker, 69-80. feather tracts, 79. fed at long intervals, 155. fed on insects, 31, 36, 76, 82. first flights, 36, 73-74, 88, 156. Gnatcatchers, 63-64. Horned Owl, 9. Hummingbird, 23, 24, 88, 155-157, 217, 219. interest in each other, 78, 79. Lazuli Bunting, 189-193, 217; adopted by wren-tit, 189-193. Mourning Dove, 47. Owl, 137. Sparrow Hawk, 135; subdued on leaving nest, 36; time kept in nest, 69. Titmouse, 182-183. Vigors's Wren, 171, 172, 174. Western House Wren, 33-37.